24 GEOLOGY OF THE SON VALLEY, ETC. 



has been seen in the upper Vindhyans of Rewah by any of the obser- 

 vers who have examined them, and this in spite of the fact that in at 

 least one instance special attention has been devoted to this point. 



In spite, however, of this difference, and in spite of the close 

 resemblance of the rocks of the outliers to those of the basal beds 

 of the lower Vindhyans and of the red shale series, there is little 

 room to doubt that they represent some part of the upper Vindh- 

 yans. The evidence that they are newer than the lower Vindhyans 

 is, in one case at least, indisputable, and the only other system 

 newer than the lower Vindhyans known in this neighbourhood 

 is the Gondwana. Unless then, which is highly improbable, 

 they represent the remains of some system intermediate in age 

 between the Vindhyan and Gondwana, they must belong to one 

 or other of these two. From the Gondwanas they are distinguished 

 by their greater degree of induration, and of disturbance, as well as 

 by the distance they are removed from the present boundary of the 

 Gondwana exposure, which there is good reason to suppose represents 

 very closely the original,limit of their formation. They are besides 

 certainly older than the upper Gondwanas of this region, for these 

 have been recognized in one place (see Chapter VI) to contain 

 debris of the rocks composing the outliers. 



There remains but the upper Vindhyan system to which the 

 outliers can be referred. The degree of induration is such as would 

 be expected in rocks of this age, and though the disturbance is 

 somewhat greater than that of the main area of upper Vindhyans, 

 they may safely be ascribed to this age, the presence of pebbles 

 being ascribable to a greater proximity to the original limit of the 

 area of deposition. 



Though almost certainly of upper Vindhyan age, the rocks of these 

 Relation to lower Vm- outliers exhibit a marked difference in their 

 dhyans in the outliers, relation to the lower Vindhyans from those ot 



the main area. In one case, the Kharara outlier, they are found 

 resting in complete unconformity on the eroded edges of the nearly 



( 24 ) 



