S GEOLOGY OF THE SON VALLEY, ETC 



recognised and mapped as a separate series. Its individuality was 

 first recognised in 1894-95, previous observers having classed the 

 beds of this series with the transitions or, in places, with the lower 

 Vindhyans. No complete section of the series is seen anywhere, 

 and it is consequently difficult to select a local name for the series; 

 if any be adopted it should be taken from the village of Jungel 

 (Joongeyl, on the borders of the Mirzapur district, near to which 

 is an extensive exposure and a very complete section, in view, 

 however, of the fragmentary nature of the exposures and the proba- 

 bly local distribution of the series, I do not propose to adopt a geo- 

 graphical name, but to distinguish it as the u Red shale series " from 

 the prevailing rock of which it is composed. 



The distribution of the exposures of this series is peculiar. It 

 occurs as a series of narrow outliers, running 



Distribution. . , .. . 



about east-north-east which all occupy synclinal 

 basins, though the synclinal is usually faulted on one side. At the 

 extreme western end of the zone of depression running through 

 the area of older rocks, and where its axis sinks under the 

 great spread of lower Vindhyans west of the Kharara hill, there 

 is a small exposure of the red shale series unconformably overlaid by 

 the lower Vindhyans of the main exposure. With this exception 

 the red shale series is nowhere in normal, and only for a short distance 

 near Marai in faulted, contact with the main exposure of the lower 

 Vindhyans. Elsewhere the exposures are usually bounded by older 

 rocks, but in places the rocks of the red shale series are overlaid 

 by newer beds of the outliers of the Vindhyan system. 



From this it will be seen that there are no indications of the 

 original extension of this series. At present 



Original extent. . ." , - , M , 



its exposures are strictly confined to the zone 

 of depression referred to above. The disturbance of the beds is, how- 

 ever, great in all the exposures and the outcrops now seen are evidently 

 but the remnants of a once much more extensive series of beds. 

 This may possibly have extended northwards under the area now 

 occupied by the Vindhyan system, but if so it is strange that 



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