BETWEEN THE SON AND THE BANAS. 1 17 



others bright red. In the centre of these soft rocks is the band of 

 hard massive quartzites which forms the line of crags. 



A similar quartzite, associated with similar rocks, is seen west of 

 Tikhua, and is very probably of the same age. 



The upper Gondwanas south of the transition area do not 

 require special notice. Their boundary runs for 



Upper Gondwana. .. , . .«*.,*■ r, . 



some distance in a straight line before suffering 

 a change of direction. It is clearly a fault, but observations made 

 further east, and off the map, show that this fault was in all prob- 

 ability contemporaneous with, or anterior to, the deposition of 

 the upper Gondwana shales and sandstones. The present boundary 

 is, consequently, in the main one of original deposition and not due 

 to removal of the upheaved portion of a once more extensive deposit. 

 In one place, east of Tikhua, the boundary overlaps this fault line 

 Outliers south of the ^ or a short distance, and the beds north of the 



main boundary. Hne d j ffer ; n character f rom those t O the south. 



Instead of being clays and sandstones free from pebbles, we have 

 conglomerates containing numerous pebbles, some of red jasper and 

 others of a conglomerate containing red jasper fragments, which 

 have evidently been derived from the upper Vindhyan beds seen 

 to the north. 



South of Bhanni is a small outlier of upper Gondwanas, exposed 

 in a stream-bed, and near Pipreri village soft, weathered white clay 

 spotted with reddish patches is exposed in a swampy hollow which 

 may not improbably be an outlier of upper Gondwana rocks. In 

 neither case were the boundaries traceable. 



At the eastern end of the Kharara plateau, lower Vindhyan 

 beds appear from under the scarp. In the 

 bed of the Samdin the basement bed has 

 a vertical dip and is composed of a breccia of fragments of banded 

 ferruginous quartzites exactly similar to the rock with which it 

 is in immediate contact. This breccia is overlaid by a sandstone 

 with pebbles, the thickness of the two being not more than 20 

 feet. Above the sandstone come about 200 feet of fine-grained 



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