COUNTRY BETWEEN BANAS, ETC. 1 23 



the boundary fault divides and the outcrop tails off in two tongues 

 both bounded on the north by faults. 



Immediately north of the eastern termination of the outcrop 

 Upper Vindhyans : Pabia °f the red shale series comes the second of the 

 outlier, exposures of sandstone which have been re- 



garded as upper Vindhyan. The rock is of the same type as in the 

 Kharara plateau and the exposure is limited on three sides by 

 denudation only, the sandstones resting in unconformable contact 

 on the transition schists or on the syenitic rocks intrusive in them. 

 The southern boundary is a fault with a downthrow to the north. 



In the case of this outlier, and the smaller one close to the west 

 of it, there is no direct proof of the age. About four miles to east- 

 north-east there is a hill covered with a broad expanse and a con- 

 siderable thickness of an exactly similar rock, which can there be 

 shown to belong to the red shale series. In the case of the Pabia 

 exposure it is, however, difficult to ascribe the sandstones to this age. 

 Not only is the great difference in thickness between the sandstones 

 of the Pabia hill and of the outlier of the red shale series immediately 

 to the south against such a supposition, but the difference in degree 

 of disturbance points to a difference in age. Besides the difference in 

 degree of disturbance, there is the fact that the northern boundary 

 of the narrow, intensely disturbed> outlier is a fault with an upthrow 

 to the north, while the southern boundary of the broad area of 

 moderately disturbed sandstones is a nearly parallel fault half a 

 mile distant and with an upthrow to the south. It is probable 

 that the Pabia sandstones originally extended further to the south 

 and that the fault by which they are cut off was of later origin than 

 the one which bounds the outcrops of the red shale series. 1 



The mapping of the transitions and crystallines in this region is 

 Transition and almost exclusively due to Lala Kishen Sing. 



Crystalline rocks. The boundaries are of the same type as is found 



1 In his progress report on this area Mr. H. B. Medlicott wrote : " I found large debt is of 

 trap on the top of Pabia, for which my observations of rock in situ do not afford an explana- 

 tion." I can confirm this in so far as the discovery of a single fragment of a dioritic rock and 

 the absence of intrusions goes. The fragments seen by Mr. Medlicott and myself were 

 probably carried up from the low ground, very possibly by men of the stone age, who appear 

 to have found the tough hornblendic rocks of the transitions useful as hammer stones. 



( 123 ) 



