THE COUNTRY EAST, ETC. 169 



It was not possible to determine whether this peculiar rock belonged 

 to those classed as transition or to the red shale series. 



The Jungel exposure of the red shale series has been examined by 

 Mr. Datta and Mr. Vredenburg. It occupies a 



Red shale series. narrow closely folded synclinal whose axial plane 



hades to the south-south-east, and whose southern half shows 

 inverted dips. The total length of the exposure is about 12 miles, 

 and for 9 of these the upper quartzites form a conspicuous ridge or 

 plateau, which is breached near its centre by the Parewar vPurawah) 

 stream. The structure and mode of occurrence of this exposure will 

 be understood from the cross-section, fig. 6. 



In this exposure Mr. Vredenburg considered that the series should 

 be divided into two divisions only. The upper of these is constituted 

 by the upper stage of sandstones, while the middle and lower stages 

 are grouped together and regarded as representative of each other; 

 the shales, when present, occurring above the sandstones. The lower 

 sandstone and conglomerate is variable in thickness, the upper part 

 being sometimes replaced by shale, while at other places the 

 arenaceous beds spread upwards and replace the shales. Occa- 

 sionally, as at Titihadar, a considerable thickness of shale is underlaid 

 by an important conglomerate ; here it is probable that there is a 

 greater development of the lower stages, owing to a depression 

 in the original floor of deposition. 



The lowest beds are, as usual, conglomeratic, and vary much 

 in thickness. The conglomerates attain their maximum thickness at 

 Titihadar, where they form high precipitous hills which stand up like 

 gigantic walls, the artificial appearance being enhanced by the large 

 and irregular-shaped fragments of which the conglomerate is com- 

 posed. 



East of the Parewar stream this conglomerate maintains its import- 

 ance for more than two miles, forming an irregularly serrated ridge. 

 The conglomerate then decreases in thickness and the ridge sinks to 

 the level of the plain, only occasionally rising above the level of the 

 recent deposits. It becomes more important towards Jungel, but con- 



( 169 ) 



