170 GEOLOGY OF THE SON VALLEY, ETC. 



tains numerous shaly bands. At the eastern extremity it is coarsely 

 conglomeratic. 



West of the Parewar river the basal conglomerate after rapidly 

 diminishing in thickness disappears, and shales are in direct con- 

 tact with the underlying transitions. Further west the conglomerate 

 re-appears and is seen at the western extremity of the outcrop. 



Along the southern border the conglomerates are found in vari- 

 able thickness, where not covered by recent deposits, but nowhere 

 attain the thickness or conspicuousness exhibited at Titihadar. 



The pebbles in the conglomerate are usually well rounded, often 

 of large size. They consist of vein quartz, red jasper, and various 

 kinds of sandstone, some of which are themselves conglomeratic 

 and contain Bijawar fragments. 



The shales are of the usual type, but more slaty than is often the 

 case and show greater signs of compression than those near Ghurder. 

 They are usually purple and always very siliceous, passing readily 

 into an impure sandstone. Under the microscope they are seen 

 to consist mainly of quartz and mica, coloured by an admixture of 

 oxide of iron. They are more gritty and generally less developed 

 on the south side of the syncline and for a short distance, near the 

 southern boundary south-west of Jungel, are wanting; this may, 

 however, be due to a small fault cutting them out, 



The thickness of the two bottom , stages combined is from 300 to 

 500 feet, but they show great individual variations owing to the man" 

 ner in which the one type of deposit is horizontally replaced by the 

 other. 



The sandstone of the upper stage is of moderately fine grain, with 

 occasionally scattered pebbles. Under the microscope the grains 

 of sand are seen to be well rounded, but they have all been enlarged 

 by secondary outgrowths of quartz. Some of the grains are aggre- 

 gates of smaller grains, indicating their derivation from some older 

 sandstone. The quartz is traversed by numerous lines of fluid 

 inclusions, which must have been formed, in part at least, subse- 

 quent to the consolidation of the rock, as they run through the second- 

 ( 170 ) 



