DESCRIPTION OF SECTIONS.- £$l 



very tlearly marked. The tertiary rocks here consist principally of 

 shales which, as elsewhere, are affected by regional metamorphism 

 which has converted them into slates; these slates are very well 

 cleaved, but they are soft and friable. In the neighbourhood of the 

 intrusion they become baked into a hard rock. 



South of Charsar the syenite is cut through by very curious 

 dykes of hornblende-biotite-porphyry, a yard or two in width. 



The syenite or diorite is further remarkable for containing silicate 

 of copper, not in veins but in grains or small masses distributed 

 through the rock, as one of its constituent minerals. The san?f 

 peculiarity is observed in the Lar K6h diorite in Persia (page 86). 

 The metal has been occasionally extracted by inhabitants of the 

 neighbourhood. 1 



The great igneous intrusion terminates in the neighbourhood of 

 the well called %t Alam Kh£n". The range has 



The Pir Puchi Pass. , , .",,..,, , 



here attained a considerable width, as much as 

 twenty miles. It is crossed at this place by the best of the passes 

 that lead into the Kharan State, an excellent road called the " Pir 

 Puchi Pass, " The general strike of the ridges is here W. S. W., 

 but the local variations are numerous and irregular. The outcrop 

 of ancient volcanic strata which constantly forms the northern- 

 most ridge of the mountains from Tafui westwards can still be 

 recognised in the same position although somewhat dwarfed. But 

 a short distance south of it another outcrop of the same rocks 

 forms the conspicuous black range appropriately called " Sia*h 

 Chang " (the u black mountain") and further east 4< Charian ". This 

 outcrop is perhaps the western continuation of the " Cha*r Kohan " 

 (page 51). 



At the northern entrance of the " Pir Puchi Pass ", we find thus 

 two roughly parallel, or rather converging outcrops of flysch strata. 

 The eocene shales and limestones lie between these two, forming 

 an irregular syncline which becomes narrower in a westerly direction, 



1 Prof. Judd has noticed the existence of cupriferous igneous rocks in Scotland (Quart, 

 Journ, Geol. Soc, Vol. XLI, p. 374). 



( 53 ) 



