DESCRIPTION OF SECTIONS. 237 



closely a limestone of "Cardita beaumonti" age which will be men- 

 tioned further in connection with the Malik Gatt ; it also overlies 

 shales of olive-green and other tints also closely resembling the 

 Cardita beaumonti shales of Malik Gatt. It is true that at Ka"n, 

 about one mile north of the Chapar limestone, there occurs a small 

 hill in which fossils were collected indicating an upper cretaceous 

 horizon. Both in this small hill and in the great Chapar range, the 

 strata dip slightly W. of N. at angles varying from 2o° to 3}°. If the 

 structure is a normal one the strata at Kan must belong to a horizon 

 several thousand feet higher than the Chapar limestone, which there- 

 fore might belong to the middle or even lower cretaceous. But as 

 the section is not continuous, the two ridges being separated by an 

 alluvial plain, their relative stratigraphical position must remain 

 doubtful, especially as the Siwalik strata are still there along the 

 southern margin of the folded region, reminding us that the struc- 

 ture is not a simple one (Fig. 5). 



North of Dalbandin these Siwaliks form an outcrop several miles 

 wide, no doubt the continuation of the band mentioned first near Nushki 

 and again south of the Mekh-i-Rustam. In the present instance they 

 constantly dip north, or slightly west of north, often at angles of 55 or 

 even more. Their conglomeratic beds frequently contain fragments of 

 the rocks occurring north of them. The petrological characters of the 

 latter rocks show them to be older than the imperfectly indurated 

 Siwaliks. As, however, the dip remains unaltered, it is evident that 

 there occurs here an inverted fault. These older rocks consist of 

 tuffs and ash-beds of the flysch period. Some of the ash-beds assume 

 almost incredibly vivid colours on weathering, and as beds of this 

 nature have largely contributed by their desintegration to provide 

 materials for the formation of the Siwalik strata, this may account for 

 the bright colours exhibited by many of the clays in this latter formation. 

 The flysch strata generally dip 15 W. of N. at high angles, 6o° or 

 more, and they are moreover sharply contorted. The next band 

 of rocks to the north, whose strata apparently rest upon those of the 

 flysch, are shales and calcareous sandstones with some conglomerates 



( 59 ) 



