DESCRIPTION OF SECTIONS. 243 



east up to K6h-i-Malik-Sidh on the west along an are of a circle 

 concave towards the north, South of it, as far as the Mekran 

 coast, the folded ranges are closely packed in parallel series with 

 occasionally a longitudinal desert plain extending between two ranges 

 that are exceptionally far apart. But north of the concave side of 

 the arc the desert plain extends uninterrupted up to the Helmand 

 river (and even beyond). Some hills do occur nevertheless, and 

 even rise to considerable altitudes along the Baluch-Afgha*n boun- 

 dary; but their structure differs from that of the folded ranges to 

 the south ; we find no more any regularity in the strike, and the dips 

 are often quite shallow. The hills belong to the second regional 

 type mentioned at the beginning of these notes (see ante y page 7). 

 It would be perhaps more logical to describe them after completing 

 the description of the folded ranges, but as the order followed in 

 these notes is rather geographical than geological, they will be con- 

 sidered now, as they conveniently bridge over the great interval 

 covered by recent deposits that lie further south between Chdh-i- 

 Sundan and the ranges south-west of the K6h-i-Sulta*n. 



We shall proceed with the description in an east-to-west direc- 



Isiands in the Lora- tion. Several rocky islands rise from the sun- 

 cracked mud of the Lora-Hamun. One of these 

 is Gauk6h already mentioned as forming part of the Chapar lime- 

 stone outcrop (page 58). A little further north are some smali 

 conical hills, "Khalbut" and " Kaftdni". While the Gaukoh con- 

 sists of almost vertical limestones, these small hills are made of 

 gently dipping tuffs and lavas. They are dark purple in colour and 

 belong to the flysch period. On the hill called Kaftani are the 

 remains of terraces of pale-yellow silt similar to the material forming 

 the bed of the Hamun ; they have been mentioned in a previous 

 chapter (page 33). 



Between Chagai to the east and Butak to the west is an im- 



Hills between Cha- P or tant mass of mountains many summits of 

 gai and Butak. w hich exceed 7,000 feet in height, covering an 



area one hundred miles long from east to west, and fifty miles broad 

 F (<SJ 



