DESCRIPTION OF SECTIONS. 267 



any broad depressions to separate them into distinct groups. Some 

 plains do exist, for instance the dreary plain of Duzdap, but they 

 are situated at a high level and do not mark off any differences of 

 structure. 



The sedimentary rocks met with are nearly all tertiary with the 

 exception of some outcrops west and south of the Lar Koh which 

 may belong to the upper cretaceous part of the flysch. Everywhere 

 the degree of disturbance is very great, the tertiary rocks being 

 affected by slaty cleavage to a greater extent than in any of the 

 regious hitherto described. 



Immediately west and south of the Lar Koh the strata are not 

 only affected by cleavage, but are further altered to a considerable 

 extent by igneous intrusions accompanied by solfataric action which 

 has coloured them in an extraordinary manner. Owing to these 

 circumstances the rocks are so much altered that it is difficult to 

 identify them. They consist principally of limestones, shales and 

 calcareous shales, sometimes sandstones associated with volcanic 

 tuffs. In most cases, however, the volcanic beds are entirely wanting, 

 and all the ridges consist of shales or rather slates with occasional 

 limestone bands ; these limestone bands contain nummulites, which 

 can leave no doubt as to the tertiary age of the rocks. At Duzdap 

 spring, some volcanic strata of the flysch period are exposed owing 

 to the presence of an anticline, but south of that point ail the sedi- 

 ments met with along the line of march were tertiary. 



South-west of the Lar Koh the strike of the strata is very 

 unsteady : it is usually N. N. W. or N. W.; the cleavage planes gen- 

 erally striking north-south. But at Duzdap spring and further south 

 the strike becomes N. YV. or even W. N. W. There are many varia- 

 tions from place to place, but as my observations were taken along 

 a single line it is not possible to tell how they are connected. . 



Between Palez (north of K6h-i-Khwa*ja i-Misk) and Deri Giaban 

 (called Deri Gumbaz on map) there extends a 



Intrusive rocks. 



considerable outcrop of plutonic rocks compar- 

 able in size to the still larger intrusion of Ra*s K<5h. The outcrop is 



( 89 ) 



