INTRODUCTORY. 3 



again immediately south of the Mysore frontier and extend right 

 across the State in a nearly unbroken line — the Dambal-Chiknayakan- 

 halli band of the Dharwar system. 



Eight to ten miles south-west of the Mallapan gudda is another 

 group of hills, which, in the absence of any local 



Kalhalli gudda hills. n . . , . , . 



collective name, may as well be designated atter 



their highest and most conspicuous member, the Kalhalligudda. 



These hills run nearly south-east by south for nine miles, but then 

 trend south-west by south, but their former direction is continued in 

 a lower line of hills, some four miles off, which runs down close to the 

 Mysore frontier. This latter line of hills may be called the Teligi 

 hills after their principal member. 



To return to the centre of the district — the Sandur hills. About 

 six miles eastward of them lies another range, 



Sugammadevi Betta, 



or Copper Mountain possessed of no collective native name, but which 

 may well be called after its principal summit the 

 Copper Mountain of the Europeans and Sugammadevi Betta 1 of the 

 Canarese natives. The ridge is some 26 miles long from the south end 

 of the great Daroji tank to the extreme south-east end, which lies 

 only four miles west of the Haggari river. It is cut across by several 

 deep saddles but there is no stratigraphical break. 



The eastern half of the district is diversified by two lines of small 

 groups and detached hills having a general north-west to south-east 

 course, approximately parallel to the more western ranges. 



The western of these two lines of hills may conveniently be called 



the Alur line, as the most extensive and impor- 

 Alur line of hills. . , . 



tant cluster ot them lies just north-west of the 



village of Alur, the Kasba of the taluq of that name. The line of 



hills starts from the right bank of the Tungabhadra at Kenchengod; 2 



forms a striking cluster of hills around Hala Kota, which cluster 



extends south-east nearly to the Haggari river. On the right 



1 Or Sugalamma konda of the Telugu people. 



2 The line of hills crosses the Tungabhadra westward and forms the very pictur- 

 esque group culminating in the Salgundi peak and terminates westward in the bold and 

 precipitous Rawal konda (Rawducoonda of Sheet 58). 



( 3 ) 



