LOWER TRANSITION ROCKS. 8$ 



The succession of formations on both sides of the gorge is discord- 

 Fault on north side of ant, and there appears to be an important fault on 

 tne gorge. the north side of the river, which cuts off the 



great series of haematites which form the high ridge which runs north- 

 north-west from the river to join the Dambal hills. No haematite 

 series corresponding to the northern ridge is to be seen south of the 

 Tungabhadra. The missing haematites were in all probability up- 

 raised by the great dislocation which took place at the time of the 

 great crumpling up of the Dharwar system and entirely denuded 

 away ; the equivalent beds north of the dislocation now remaining 

 having been saved from erosion because depressed below the 

 general surface as it then was. 



The great twin haematite beds which cross the river at Timlapur — 



Mallapan gudda h^ No - 6 of the section § iven above— may be seen 

 matite quartzite series. forming the crest of a considerable ridge, which 

 sinks down to the general level a little to the north west of Nagti 

 Bassapur, 9 miles to thesouth-east. About a mile to south-east of that 

 village, the haematitebeds show above the general surface again and rise 

 rapidly into the great western shoulder terrace of Mallapan gudda, 

 and continue for 6 miles more to form the conspicuous western scarp 

 of the high Mallapan gudda ridge. They then sink down again and 

 are lost in the Kannavihalli (Cunnavyhully) pass. They reappear, 

 doubtless, in the Jajkal gudda (Jaujcull Goota), but the beds here can- 

 not be exactly correlated with those north-west of the pass. 



The Mallapan gudda ridge shows a series of five or six principal 

 haematite beds which are intercalated with argillites, some ferruginous 

 and red, and others light coloured. The surface of the conical summit 

 of the hill is much lateritized, and under the lateritic mass is a small 

 cave some 30 feet or more in depth. Whether it is natural or arti- 

 ficial I could not ascertain, as I could not go into it. It contains a 

 shrine sacred to Bettada Mallapan, the local deity, and a pooja in his 

 honour was going on in the cave at the time of my visit. The pujari 

 took great umbrage at my presence on the summit, so I left the cave 



unexplored. The panorama from the Trigrono- 

 The panorama. ; • . ° 



metrical station on the top, 3,172 feet above sea 



( 85 ) 



