64 Scientific Intelligence. 









Calc. 



Meas. 







r a.v 



1011*1231 





29 01£ 



29°01 / 



29° 



29° 04' 



r Af 



1011 ~ 0111 





74 55 



74 58 



75 



75 03 



rJ, 



1011 /v 3142 





9° 25' 



9 30 



9 31' 



9 35 



P~» 



(4 8 12 5 a 1341) 





11 oh 



10 50 



11 



11 19 



*>*P 



(2131*4 8 12 



5) 



20 29 



20 28 



20 29 



20 15 



v^P 



(2131 a 2461) 





8 57 



8 54 







In conclusion the author desires to express his thanks to 

 Professor G-. J. Brush, who kindly afforded the use of mate- 

 rial from his collection and to Professor S. L. Penfield for 

 valuable assistance and advice. 



Mineral ogical Laboratory, 

 Sheffield Scientific School, June, 1890. 



SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE. 



I. Chemistry and Physics. 



1. On a Relation between Capillary Phenomena and Molecular 

 Mass. — Goldstein has experimented upon the rise of aqueous 

 solutions in capillary tubes and finds that in all or nearly all of 

 the cases examined, there is a distinct relation between the molec- 

 ular mass of the dissolved salt and the height to which the 

 column of liquid rises. In his experiments, he operated in two 

 ways. In the first, solutions were employed of such strength that 

 the heights to which they rose in the capillary tubes were the 

 same. In the second, the concentration of the solutions was the 

 same and the ascent in the tubes different. Thus for example 

 operating with 17'776 per cent solutions of the following sub- 

 stances, the heights obtained were as follows : 



ubstance. 



Molecular mass. 



Height 



NaBr 



103 



73-9 



CaCl 2 



1S3 



73-4 



BaCl 2 



208 



72*5 



CaL 



366 



69.4 



In the same tube, which had a radius of 0'1833 millimeter, 

 water rose to the height of 80*57 mm at 22°. Since Mendeleeff has 

 shown that the critical point of liquids can be calculated from the 

 decrease of capillary height by changes of temperature, and since 

 Schiff has observed a close relation between the boiling point of 

 a liquid and its capillary constant, the author believes the laws 

 of vapor pressures are the same as those governing the ascent of 

 liquids in capillary tubes. The law of vapor pressure is repre- 

 sented by the expression f—f'/f=kg; in which / is the vapor 

 pressure of the solvent, f that of the solution, k a constant and 

 g the mass of the dissolved substance. In like manner, Goldstein 

 proposes the expression H— A/HM=C to represent the capillary 



