126 Van Rise — Attempt to harmonize some apparently 



the Lower Marquette Series, and seeing but little of the 

 ground in which the Upper Marquette is found, and conse- 

 quently not appreciating that in area and in volume this series 

 probably surpasses the Lower Marquette, has maintained that 

 the Marquette rocks are the equivalent of the Vermilion Lake 

 Iron-Bearing Series, but that the Animikie Series is separated 

 from that at Vermilion Lake by a great unconformity. He, 

 however, appreciated that in the Marquette district are certain 

 slates which in lithological character are like and might be equiv- 

 alent to the Animike.* Both of these positions probably have 

 an element of truth and an element of error. The Upper Mar- 

 quette, Upper Vermilion, Upper Hunter's Island (Ogishki Ma- 

 nissi), in their lithological characters and gentle folding, are 

 closely analogous to the Animikie, and as maintained by Irving 

 are its probable equivalent ; while the Lower Marquette and 

 Lower Vermilion Lake, as maintained by Professor Alexander 

 "Winehell, unconformably underlie the Animikie. Whether be- 

 tween the Kaministiquia and equivalent conglomerates, and 

 the flat-lying rocks of the Thunder Bay district, recognized 

 heretofore as Animikie, there is a minor physical break, we 

 have no sufficient evidence to give an opinion. As has 

 been noted, it has been long well known that near Port 

 Arthur, Ontario, the Animikie and underlying Kaministi- 

 quia Series are unconformable. Mr. Peter Mc_Kellar,f who 

 for many years has been familiar with this region, has 

 proved this conclusively. It has already been seen that the 

 rock series here unconformably underlying the Animikie are 

 identical with the Vermilion Lake Iron-Bearing Series. Con- 

 sidering the complete likeness of this lower series with that 

 bearing iron at Vermilion Lake, I can no longer have any 

 doubt of the truthfulness of the conclusion as to the physical 

 break between the Animikie and Lower Vermilion Series in 

 northeastern Minnesota, while yet believing in the equivalence 

 of the Animikie and Upper Vermilion. 



Correlation, general considerations. — We pass now to the 

 general correlation of the Lake Superior formation lying be- 

 tween the two planes defined at the beginning of this paper. 



Before it can be decided whether series so far distant from 

 each other as the Dakota quartzites and the Original Huronian 

 (separated by 800 miles) can be parallelized, it ought to be 

 more definitely settled to what extent correlation can be made 

 by unconformities and lithological likenessess. Professor 



*Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey of Minnesota, 16th Ann. Rept., 1887, pp. 128, 

 357-359. 



f The Correlation of the Animikie and Huronian Rocks of Lake Superior, 

 Peter McKellar: Traus. Royal Soc, Can., vol. v, sec. 4, pp. H3-73, 1887. 



