204 J. W. Spencer — High Level Shores of the 



The terrace is a strong topographical feature, especially 

 after passing over the Niagara escarpment near Georgetown. 

 The differential elevation of the Forest Beach, in the extreme 

 southwestern part of the Province of Ontario, is 1/44: feet per 

 mile in a direction of JS\ 28° E. But northeast of Toronto this 

 warping has increased to three feet per mile as it trends north 

 ■of east, with the direction of the maximum rise not deter- 

 mined. This warping is in harmony with the deformation of 

 the Iroquois Beach, in the same region, being only slightly in 

 excess, as it should be. No attempt has been made to explore 

 the extreme eastern and northern portions of the Forest Beach, 

 around the island of the Province of Ontario. 



The Arkona Beach. — This beach is less perfect than the 

 Forest Beach. It is prominent at Arkona, rises to 789 feet 

 east of Ailsa Craig, passes by Yarna and Ripley, and near 

 Walkerton has an elevation of 944 feet. At Chatsworth, the 

 spit across the valley at 985 feet, probably belongs to this 

 shore-line. No further explorations have been made in this 

 direction. Southwest of Arkona, the beach has an elevation of 

 773 feet at Waterf ord ; 754, on a river terrace near Komoko ; 

 735 (?) at Taylor ; 776, on the plains at St. Thomas ; 792 at 

 Cornith; 804 at Delhi. Beyond this point there are shore 

 remains, at 903 feet near Paris ; a terrace at Limehouse, at 

 970, and at Stouffville, a gravel ridge skirting higher land, at 

 1175 feet. These latter fragments may be the equivalents of 

 the Arkona Beach. But these last named shore-lines continue 

 the upward succession of deserted water-lines even if not iden- 

 tical with the Arkona Beach. This beach is imperfectly ex- 

 plored, and is more or less interrupted, like other shore-lines, in 

 the lake region as well as those nearer the sea coast, such as on 

 Ml Desert Island. 



Ridgeway and Higher Beaches. — Above the Arkona 

 beach, the next shore-line is here named the Ridgeway Beach, 

 (as this is a suitable name for its counterpart in Michigan). 

 Its elevation, near the following places, is : 



Feet above the Sea. 



Komoko 848 



Lucan Junction 891 



Hensall _ - . 925 



Lucknow 989 



As the object of our surveys was for the more especial 

 exploration of the lower beaches, the explorations were not 

 carried throughout the distribution of the higher beaches. 

 But beaches, spits across valleys, and terraces carved out of 

 the Niagara escarpment were seen in many places at altitudes 

 which would correspond to the continuation of this shore-line. 

 Back and above this beach, there is a belt of flat plains, corres- 



