70 Scientific Intelligence. 



Bloomdale, 3 miles east of Bairdstown, has a well yielding about 

 3,000,000 ; and one at North Baltimore, as far west of it, yields 

 about the same amount ; both less advantageously situated in 

 the anticline for productiveness. 



Professor Orton remarks on the fact that among the various 

 wells in the gas region, the production is generally greatest 

 where the depth below the sea level is least, that is, where the 

 Trenton is bulged upward. This depth at the Karg well is 347 

 feet ; at others of the more productive wells of the vicinity of 

 Findlay, 342, 350, 328-8; at Bairdstown, 315 feet. 



Another important fact established is that the Trenton lime- 

 stone is productive only where it is dolomyte, not where calcyte. 

 In the Findlay field the gas rock afforded Professor N". W. Lord, 

 in one analysis, calcium carbonate 53-50, magnesium carbonate 

 43*05, insoluble residue (silica, etc.) 1*70, iron and alumina 1*72 

 = 99-50, in which the proportion .of the two carbonates is almost 

 precisely that of true dolomyte. The amount of marsh gas in 

 the gas scarcely varies from 92*5 per cent, and with this there 

 are about 2 per cent of hydrogen, 0*30 of olefiant gas and 3-50 of 

 nitrogen, with not over 0'5 per cent of each, oxygen, carbonic 

 acid, carbonic oxide and 0*2 of sulphuretted hydrogen. 



In the region of Lima, the Trenton limestone yields oil; but 

 the oil is inferior to the shale oil of the Macksburg region of east- 

 ern Ohio, in containing 0*553 per cent of sulphur, which is more 

 than 20 times the amount in the Macksburg oil. 



The report treats at length also of the Berea grit (Subcarbon- 

 iferous) and of the Ohio shale (Upper Devonian) as sources* of oil, 

 and discusses at length the theories for the formation of the oil 

 and its condition in the rocks. The chapters on cements, lime, 

 plasters and other economical products from the rocks of the 

 State also contain much of general interest. 



2. Fauna and Flora of the Trias of JVevj Jersey and, the Con- 

 necticut Valley. — Dr. Newbeeet, in vol. vi Of the Transactions 

 of the "S. Y. Academy of Sciences, states that the plants of these 

 regions thus far obtained, excepting two, are identical with those 

 of Virginia and Xorth Carolina described by Fontaine. They 

 include the species Bajera Munsteriana Sap., Brachyphyllum 

 gracile K ewb., B. foliosumNewh., Cheirolepns Munsteri Schenk, 

 Clathropteris platyphylla Brongn., Bendrophycus Triassicus 

 Xewb., Bioordtes longif alius Em., Equisetum Rogersi Schimp., 

 Loperia simplex Kewb., Otozamites latior Sap., and O. brevifolius 

 Ft. Br. (both common in the Rhsetic of Germany and France), 

 Pcdyssya diffusa Em., Schinoneura planicostata Rogers. 



The fishes are ganoids of the genera Biplwrus Xewb., Isclvyp- 

 terus Egt. (18 species), Catopjterus Redf. (5 species), Ptyeholepis 

 Ag. (1 sp.), Bictyopyge Egt. (1 sp.), and Acentrophorus Trag. 

 (1 sp.) The Bipjlurus was a coelacanth 3 feet long, closely allied 

 to Holop)ha3gus Egt. from the English Lias. A species of Bic- 

 tyopyge has been described from the Keuper of Germany and an 

 allied Ptyeholepis from the Lias of Boll in Wurtemburg. 



