J. D. Dana — History of Changes in Mt. Loa Craters. 169 



Here again the system seems to require that Kilauea should 

 be made an appendage to Mt. Loa, I reproduce here from my 

 Report the cut drawn to show these relations of the constituent 

 volcanoes. In this diagram Kea and Hualalai are made to 

 spread too far over Kohala, the central region of which should 

 have been left uncovered ; but the general idea conveyed is I 

 believe correct. 



NliHAU 



KAUAI 



On these grounds, I concluded, in 1840, that Kilauea origi- 

 nated over a great fissure made at some Mt. Loa eruption. 



This conclusion is not accepted in the report of Mr. W. T. 

 Brigham, Captain C. E. Dutton, or Mr. W. L. Green. 



1. The apparent independence of action in Kilauea is one of 

 the opposing arguments ; and it is a strong one. There is com- 

 monly no sympathy in their movements, although both have 

 craters of unusual magnitude which are in frequent eruption 

 and essentially in continuous activity ; and although the open 

 vent of Kilauea with its boiling lavas is but 3600 feet above 

 the sea-level (in 1840 but 3000 feet) against 12,900 for the Mt. 

 Loa crater. They have had some nearly simultaneous erup- 

 tions ; but the larger part of the greater eruptions of Mt. Loa 

 have taken place while the lava-lakes of Kilauea were in a state 

 of undisturbed ebullition. There was remarkable harmony of 

 action in the earthquake eruptions of the two in 1868 ; but it 

 has been shown that the earthquakes whiclrset off Kilauea 

 were of Mt. Loa origin, made through Mt. Loa tires, and hav- 

 ing their centre over thirty miles distant from Kilauea beneath 

 the Mt. Loa slopes ; and this harmonious action therefore does 

 not indicate much sympathy between the two fiery neighbors 

 after all. 



2. In August, 1887, my examination of the walls of Kilauea 



