57 



pressed form than the younger one, in consequence of the 

 expansion of the lower whorl. 



* T. EXASPERATUS. Pen. Brit. Zo., vol. 4, p. 126. T. 

 Exiguus. Mont. Test. Brit., vol. 1, p. 277. T. E. Flem. 

 Brit. Ad. p. 233. Rare. Dr. Maton found it near the 

 Land's-end. 



* T. STRIATUS. Turt. Lin. Mont. Test. Brit., vol. 1, p. 278. 



Flem, Brit. An., p. 323. Local. Montagu found it in 

 abundance in sand at Falmouth. 



* T. CRASSUS. Turbo Lineatus. Tart. Lin. Trochus C. 

 Mont. Test. Brit., vol. 1, p. 281. Stew. Elem., vol. 2, 

 p. 406. Flem. Brit. An., p. 322. Abundant. 



* T. MAGUS. Turt. Lin. Pen. Brit. Zo., vol. 4, pi. 80, 

 fig. 107. Mont. Test. Brit., vol. 1, p. 283. Stew. Elem., 

 vol. 2, p. 405, Flem. Brit. An., p. 321. Common. 



* T. UMBILICATUS. Turt. Lin. Pen. Brit. Zo., vol. 4, 



pi. 80, fig. 106. Mont. Test. Brit., p. 286. Flem. Brit. 

 An., p. 322. Common. 



* T. CINERARIUS. Turt. Lin. Pen. Brit. Zo., vol. 4, 



p. 127. Mont. Test. Brit., vol. 1, p. 284. Flem. Brit. 

 An., p. 322. Common. 



TURBO. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER: The shell conoidal or sub- 

 turreted; the circumference never compressed; aperture 

 entire, round, not modified by the nest but last whorl; 

 margins disunited above. Columella arched, flattened, 

 not truncated at the base. An operculum. 



* T. LITTOREUS. Turt. Lin. Pen. Brit. Zo., vo 4, pi. 81, 



fig. 109. Stew. Elem., vol. 2, p. 407. Mont. Test. Brit., 

 vol. 2, p. 301. Flem. Brit. An., p. 298. Wrinkle, Peri- 

 winkle. Common, and abundantly used as food. 



* T. RUDIS. Turt. Lin. Mont. Test. Brit., vol. 2, p. 304. 

 Common, but less abundant than the last. It also keeps 

 more in harbour?, and higher on rocks, so as to be 

 left exposed by the tide for many hours, indeed in many 

 instances they are so far removed above the influence of 

 even the highest tides, that nothing but the spray of the 

 sea can reach them. The young are produced alive, about 

 midsummer. 



* T. MAMMILLATUS. Flem. Brit. An., p. 299. " Ac. 



cording to a memorandum in the handwriting of Da Costa, 

 annexed to one of the specimens figured by Donovan, this 

 shell has been found by Mr. Piatt on the Sciily rocks." 

 Fleming. Amongst the shells furnished to me by the 

 kindness of Mr Curnow of Newlyn, I find three specimens 

 from the Land's-end. 



SKENEA. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER: Spire depressed, and des- 

 titute of spinous processes. Fleming. The form of the 



i 



