83 



tinned, though gentle action. It moves freely about from 

 place to place by a gliding motion of its base ; or by turning 

 on its oral surface, can move far more rapidly by means of its 

 tentacula. 



LUCERNARIA. 

 Generic Character: Body somewhat campanulate, fixed when 

 at rest by a narrow disc or stalk ; mouth quadrangular, in 

 the centre of a reversed umbrella-like expansion; ten- 

 tacula disposed in widely separate tufts on the margin. 

 L. AURICULA. Body funnel-shaped, with eight equi- 

 distant tufts of tentacula round the margin; between each 

 tuft a marginal tubercle. PI. xvi., figs. 1, 2, 3. 

 Lucernaria auricula, Turton's Lin., vol. 4, p. 121. Flem- 

 ing's Brit. An., p. 499. Johnston in Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, 

 p. 44; Brit. Zoopb., p. 229, fig. 35, p. 230, fig. 36, p. 193, 

 fig. 28. Templeton in Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, p. 304. 



Hab. On fuci, at Talland sand bay, Chapel pits, Polperro. 

 Abundant about June, July, and August. 



This species I have found abundant in some years, while in 

 others, I have hardly been able to procure a single specimen. 

 Though I have supposed it the L. auricula of the authors 

 quoted above, yet it differs in some important particulars. 

 The form of the body very much resembles the conoidal, 

 or old form of wine glasses; the upper and free margin is 

 surrounded by eight equi-distant tufts of tentacula. From 

 each of these tufts of suckers a thick chain of brown glan- 

 dular looking bodies proceeds downwards, for about two-thirds 

 the length of the body, where they unite in pairs, and then 

 proceed as a very delicate thread to the base. The foot-stalk 

 is small and tubular, resembling the stalk of a wine glass, 

 and under certain lights appears to be annular, or to have a 

 spiral thread running its whole length. The termination of 

 this foot-stalk is in a flat cup-like disc, by which it adheres 

 to the fucus on which it stands. Between each pair of tufts 

 of tentacula is a marginal gland. The mouth is central, 

 elevated, and somewhat quadrangular. At the four angular 

 projections of the lip are four bodies attached externally, 

 rounded superiorly, and pointed inferiorly. 



The colour is generally of a reddish brown, but is some- 

 times of a liver brown, green, or yellowish. They fix them- 

 selves to the fuci by their sucker-like discs, in nearly an erect 

 position; never, however, hanging down or standing perfectly 

 erect. 



Their mode of progression differs under different circum- 

 stances. If intending to move to any great distance, they do 

 so by loosening their attachments, and then by various and 

 active contortions, waft themselves away till they meet with 



