N. 0. VIOLACEJE. Ill 



N. 0. VIOLACEJE. 

 98. Reseda odor ata, Linn, h.f.b.l, i. 181. 



Habitat : — An English annual herb, cultiv T ated in Indian 

 gardens in the cold weather. 



(Sweet-mignonette). Annual or perennial. Stems diffuse, 

 of varying height, 1-2 ft., generally, clothed with bluntish 

 lance-shaped leaves, entire or three-lobed. Flowers in long, 

 loose, terminal racemes. Calyx 6-parted ; petals creamy, finely 

 cut into numerous divisions. Anthers red. Seeds numerous, 

 in an ever open capsule. 



(Favourite Flowers of Garden and Greenhouse by Edward 

 Step, F. L. S., London, 1896. Vol. I, p. 65). 



Use :— It is put to the same uses as violets. 



Chemistry : — The root yields an oil, on distillation, which 

 smells of radishes, has a light brown color, a sp. gr. of 1*067 

 at 15°, and a rotation of +1° 30' in a 100 mm. tube. This oil is 

 phenylethylthiocarbamide, for, when heated with strong hydro- 

 chloric acid, it yields phenylethylamine hydroclorids, carbon 

 oxysulphide and hydrogen sulphide being evolved ; phenyl- 

 ethylthiocarbamide is produced when it is heated with alcoholic 

 ammonia. Diphenylethyloxamide melts at 186° and phenyl- 

 ethylthiocarbamide at 137°. (J. Ch. S. 1895, p. 218), 



99. Viola serpens, Wall, h.f.b.l, i. 184, 



Vern, : — Banafsha (H.) ; thungtu (Kumaon). 



Habitat ; — Moist woods, etc., throughout the temperate 

 Himalaya, Khasia Hills, Pulney and Nilgiri Mountains, Ceylon, 



A perennial herb, with a slender ascending root-stock, 

 usually giving off long prostrate, glabrous, rooting branches. 

 Hooker says : "Stolons and stems usually long, leafy and 

 flowering." Leaves 1-1J in,, broadly cordate-ovate, acute or 

 obtuse, crenate-serrate, more or less hairy on both surfaces ; 

 petioles usually longer than leaves, hairy, especially at the 

 upper part ; stipules free, fimbriate. Flowers \-l in., nodding ; 



