N. 0. SIMARUBEiE. 287 



Habitat: — Sub-tropical Himalaya, from Jammu to Nepal. 

 Garwhal and Bhutan. 



A tall, scrambling tree, witli stout, often spotted, branches. 

 Bark very bitter ; light brown, rather smooth, shining, thin. 

 Wood bright yellow, moderately hard ; sapwood white. Annual 

 rings well-marked by a line of pores in the autumn wood. Pores 

 moderately sized, unevenly scattered, except on the line of the 

 annular rings. Medullary rays fine to moderately broad, short, 

 distant, forming on a radial section a pretty silver-grain (Gamble). 

 Leaves pubescent, a foot or more long, of 9-15 leaflets, the lowest 

 pair much smaller and stipuliform ; leaflets 6-4 pair, obovate, 

 acuminate, serrate, opposite, nearly sessile. Flower polygamous, 

 in pubescent panicles ; small greenish, generally pentamerous. 

 Calyx-segments small, imbricate. Petals ovate or obovate, 

 persistent in female and hermaphrodite flowers. Much enlarged 

 and coriaceous in fruit ; filaments strap-shaped, equalling the 

 petals, villous, about the size of a pea, iin diam., black, each 

 containing one erect seed. 



Parts used : —The bark, root and leaves. 



Use : — Dr. Royle draws attention to the bark, wood and root 

 of this plant as quite as bitter as the quassia of the West Indies, 

 for which it would doubtless prove an excellent substitute. 

 The Pharmacopoeia Indica regards this bark as worthy of 

 further attention. 



The leaves, according to Stewart, are applied to itch. 



248a. — P. javaniea, Bl. h. f. b. i., i. 520. 



This large tree is common in the Ataran Forest Division, Tenasserim 

 where it is called by the Karens "Napaw-ow." The bark is exceedingly 

 bitter and is used by the Karens as a febrifuge instead of quinine. The bark 

 contains a bitter principle allied to quassin, and has an advantage in contain- 

 ing no tannin. There is no alkaloidal principle such as quinine in the bark. 



249. — Brucea Sumatrana Boxb., h. f. b. i 

 i. 521. Roxb. 151. 



Vern. : — Ampadoo-Barrowing (Mai). 



Habitat :— Assam ; Eastern Peninsula ; Tenasserim ; and the 

 Andaman Islands. 



