N. 0. CELASTRINEE. 331 



Vern. : — Mirandu, padriun, bakra (Pb.); Bakra, chauli, 

 shanria (N.-W. P.) ; Chauri (Oudh) ; Karkava, irkuli, chelup- 

 pai-maram (Tarn. ) ; Nerija, booligi (Tel.) ; Miri, tbanki (Kol.) ; 

 Newri (Santal). Tbe leaves— Bhutapala (Mar.) ; Tamrug ; Aran 

 tandig bbukas (Bomb.), Burkas (Konan). 



Habitat : — Tbrougbout tbe botter parts of India. 



A moderate-sized or large tree, often witb reddish branch- 

 lets. Bark dark-grey, smooth, blood-red inside, exuding when 

 cut a profuse watery sap from the cambium layer. Leaves 

 opposite or sub-opposite ; less frequently alternate 2-6 by l-3in., 

 elliptic ovate-oblong or obovate, acuminate, crenate subcoria- 

 ceous, glabrous, dark green and shining above, glaucous 

 beneath. (Whence the specific name " Glaucum ") main lateral 

 nerves about 10 pair, slender; petiole §-lin. long, channeled. 

 Cymes axillary, dichotomous, § in. long, peduncle l-2gin. long, 

 often red. Flowers fin. diam., whitish, pale, yellowish-green, says 

 Trimen. Calyx 4-5-cleft, segments obtuse. Disk fleshy. Petals 

 4-5, about 1 1 q in. long, oblong. Stamens 4-5, short, inserted under 

 the edge of the disk ; filaments recurved. Ovary adnate to the 

 disk. Style very short. Fruit a dry obovoid drupe, §-|in. long, 

 1-celled, 1-seeded, tipped with persistent style, mostly sterile, 

 (reproduction chiefly by root-suckers — Kanjilal). 



Flowers all the year, says Trimen. 



Found in Ceylon, dry country. 



Trimen :— (Singhalese) Naralu ; (Tamil) piyari ; Perun- 

 Piyari. 



Parts used. — The leaves, root and bark. 

 Use :--The powdered leaves have a powerful sternutatory 

 action, and are used as a fumigatory to rouse women from 

 hysterical syncope, and as a snuff to relieve ordinary headache. 

 (S. Arjun). The fresh root-bark, when rubbed into a paste 

 with water, is applied by the Natives to remove almost every 

 sort of swelling (Roxb\ The root is a specific against snake- 

 bite, and the bark is used in native medicine and said to be 

 a virulent poison. (Watt.) 



