66b INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 



brandies. Young branches puberulous. Leaves serrate, dark 

 green and velvety above, pale and more felted beneath, J-lin., 

 ovate to orbicular. Cymes under |in. Petals ovate, with convo- 

 lute margins. Disk 10-lobed. with a pit opposite each lobe. 

 Ovary 2-celled, styles 2, united to above the middle. Fruit fin. 

 diam., globose, woody, black, 2-celled. Much used for fencing 

 and for the sweet subacid fruit as food, especially in famine 

 time. 



Use :— In the Punjab, the fruit is used in bilious affections ; 

 and considered by the natives to be cool and astringent 



(Setwart). 



289. Z. vulgaris, Lamk] h.f.b.i., i. 633, Roxb. 

 204. 



Vern. : — Unnab (Arab). ; Sinjid-i-jilani (Pers.) ; Titni-ber, 

 kandiari (EL), Sanjit (Pb); Unab (Bomb). 



Habitat : — The Punjab, extending to the Western Frontier 

 from the Punjab Himalaya. Wild and cultivated, extending to 

 Bengal, Kashmir, Baluchistan. The best fruit (Dried) comes 

 from China and Japan. 



A large shrub or small tree, armed. Bark rough, with 

 longitudinal furrows, dark grey. Wood pale, yellow-brown. 

 Heartwood dark-brown, even grained. Stewart says this is the 

 handsomest species, and that he has seen it as large as 5-6ft. 

 in girth and 25-30ft. high Gamble). Rigid, spreading boughs 

 and stiff branches, which are often unarmed. The whole 

 plant is quite glabrous. Leaves f-2^in. sub-obliquely ovate, 

 obtuse or sub-acute, crenate-serrate ; prickles usually gemmate, 

 the straight one often over 1 in. long, stout. Flowers few, 

 fascicled in the axils of the leaves. Petals cucullate. Disk thin, 

 obscurely 5-lobed. Ovary 2-celled. Styles 2, united to the 

 middle. Fruit Jin. diam., globose or oblong, esculent, red and 

 black, shining. 



Use. — Mir Muhamraed Husain regards the dried fruits as 



a suppurative, expectorant, and purifier of the blood. The 

 bark of the tree is used to clean wounds and sores. The gum 



