360 INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 



the latter. No amyadalin could be detected in the seeds, bat hydrocyanic, 

 benzaldehyde and grape sugar, possibly the decomposition products of it, 

 were found. A small quantity of cane sugar was also separated in the 

 crystallised form. 



In 1893 an examination was made by Mr. R. Glenk (Amer. Journ. Pharm. 

 LXV. 528) of a specimen of the oil from seeds sent from Mirzapur. The 

 oil was described as a yellowish- white semi-solid substance having a faint 

 odour of bitter almonds and a specific gravity of 0942. The oil had an acid 

 re-action, and completely liquified at 28° C. It was readily Saponified by 

 sodium hydrate even at a low temparature, forming a white hard soap. 

 Concentrated sulphuric acid acquired a reddish-brown colour on addition of 

 the oil. It is soluble in chloroform, ether, bisulphate of carbon, benzene, 

 and the fixed and volatile oils. 



Dr. J. J". A. Wijs examined the seeds in 1900 (Zeits. physic. Chem. 31*255— 

 257). The seeds of Schleichera trijuga were obtained from the Celebes, 

 and 60 per cent, consisted of kernels. The kernels had the following com- 

 position : — 



Water ... — ... ... ••• 3*5 



Fat ... .- .» .» .» 70*5 



Proteids ... ... ... ... • •• 12*0 



Fibre and ash... ... ... ... ... 14*0 



100*0 



The fat extracted by means of petroleum ether had the colour and 

 consistence of butter. The following constants were determined: melting 

 point (by the Le Sueur and Crossley method), 22° C. ; melting point of the fatty 

 acids, 52 — 54° C; Hehner value, 91'55; saponification value (Henriques 1 cold 

 process), 215.3 ; iodine value (TTijs' iodine chloride and acetic acid method), 

 55*0, that of the fatty acids being 58'9 ; Reichert-Meissl value, 9; acid num- 

 ber 19*2 • acid number of the fatty acids, 191-2—192-0 ; unsaponiflable matter, 

 3-12 per cent. The volatile acids (acetic acid with a little butyric acid) were 

 examined by the Duclaux method ; and the ratio of the solid (45per cent.) to 

 the liquid fatty acids (55 per cent, with iodine value 193*2) was determined 

 by the Rose method. (Agricultural Ledger 1905— No. 1). 



314. Sapindus trifoliatus, Linn. H. F. B. I., 

 I. 682. 



Syn. : — S. laurifolia, Vahl. Roxb. 331. S. Emarginata, 

 Vdhl. Roxb. 331. 



San : — Arishta and Plienila. 



Vern. :— The fruit — Ritha (Hind.); Bara-ritha, ritha (Beng.); 

 ud-rack, ritha, ringin, ritha, ritha (Mar.); Arithan, aritha (Guz.) ; 



