N. 0. ANACARDIACE.E. 379 



the intestinal lining is found. Gardol seems to be excreted 

 chiefly with the urine, but partially also with faeces. Applied 

 on a small piece of lint to the skin of the breast, it raised 

 a watery blister in 1A hours (Am. Journ. Pharm., 1882, 

 Dymock). 



Between the laminae of the shell of the kernel there is a 

 black caustic fluid, which contains an acrid, oily principle, 

 cardol and a peculiar acid, anacardie acid. 



The spirit distilled from the expressed juice of the fruit 

 may be used as a stimulant (Watt.) 



The kernel is nutritive, demulcent and emollient ; and the 

 oil emollient. In the form of mixture, the kernel is useful for all 

 the purposes for which the Mistura Amygdalae is employed, and 

 also as a food in very weak patients suffering from incessant 

 and chronic vomiting, with two or three minims of acid hydro- 

 cyanic dil. in each dose. The oil is a mechanical as well as a 

 chemical antidote for irritant poisons. It not only protects, to 

 some extent, the lining membrane of the stomach and bowels 

 from the irritation of the poison, and prevents both the solution 

 and absorption of it, but also neutralizes it by forming a soap 

 with it, if it happens to be an alkaline. It is also a good 

 vehicle for liniments and other external applications (Mooden 

 Sheriff). 



The kernels yield a light, yellow, bland oil. Niederstadt (1902) found the 

 saponification value to be 179*84, and the iodine value, 60*6. 



The pericarp or shell yields a black, acrid and powerfully vesicating oil. 

 Crossley and Le Sueur determined the following constants : Specific gravity, 

 0*9594 ; saponification value, 45*1 ; iodine value, 294*2 ; Reichert-Meissl value, 

 1*26. Though it possessed an abnormally high iodine value, practical 

 experiments showed it to be a non-drying oil. 



328. — Buehanania latifolia, Roxb., h.f.b.i., 

 ii. 23, Roxb. 365. 



Sans. : — Piyala ; Chara ; Chirika. 



Vern. :— Piyar, piyal, piyala, chironji (the kernel), (H.), 

 Chironji, peal (the fruit), chirunji (the kernel), piyal, pial, pear 

 (the tree), (B.) ; Chirauli, chiraoli (the fruit), chironji, (Pb.) ; 

 Pial, payala, muria, katbhilawa, (Garhwal) ; Piar, peira, paira, 

 paila, pairwa, perrah, (Oudh) ; Tarum, (Kol) ; Pial, (Bhumij) ; 



