488 INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 



Sungungrik (Lep.) ; Jom. (Santal.) ; Lama, rung (Kol.) ; Cham- 

 bura, chambul (Mar.) ; Pair, bela (Gond.). 



Habitat :— -Foot of the Central and East Himalayas, Behar, 

 Concan, and Sircars. 



A gigantic, climbing tree. Stem irregularly ridged and 

 furrowed, often 100ft. long and 2ft. diam. Bark brown, horizon- 

 tally waved, wood porous, in broad, irregularly broken, but 

 concentrically arranged, masses with a palmate outline, al- 

 ternating with red, juicy bast tissue (Gamble). Branch- 

 lets, tendrils, petioles, underside of leaves and inflorescence 

 clothed with dense ferruginous, rarely grey, torn en turn. Leaves 

 deeply cordate, variable in size, often up to 18in. diam., cleft 

 to about f of their length, lobes obtuse, basal nerves 11-15, 

 petiole stout, tendrils axillary, often flower-bearing, forked, 

 bifurcations circinate. Flowers creamy-white, on long, slender 

 pedicels, in terminal corymbose racemes. Calyx-tube shorter 

 than the 2-lobed limb. Petals densely hairy, much exserted, 

 l-ljin. long. Stamens fertile, 3. Ovary hairy. Pod flat, 

 woody, clothed with dense brown felt, 9-18 by 2-3in., burst- 

 ing open with a loud report. Seeds 8-12. 



Use : — The seed possesses tonic and aphrodisiac properties. 

 Leaves are demulcent and mucilaginous (Watt). 



435. B, purpurea, Linn., h.f.b.l, ii. 284, 

 Roxb. 344. 



Sans. : — Kanchan. 



Vern. : — Kaniar, kandan, koliar, khairwal, kwillar, koilari, 

 sona (H.) ; Koiral, karar, karalli, grey (Pb.) ; Deva Kanchan, 

 rakta kanchan, koiral (B.) ; Khwairalo (Nepal) ; Kachic (Lepcha) ; 

 Buruju (Kol J ; Singyara (Santah ; Kodwari (Gond) ; Rakta 

 chandan, atmatti, ragta kanchan, (leva kanchana (Alar ) ; 

 Penya are, mandareh (Tarn.); Peddaore, bodanta-chettu (Tel); 

 Sarul, sural, kanchivala (Kan.). 



Habitat : — From the foot of the West Himalayas and Khasia 

 Mountains to Ceylon. 



A moderate-sized, evergreen, bushy tree, with moderately 

 stout, glabrescent branchlets. Bark about Jin. thick, ash- 



