544 INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 



in acetone solution. The acid seems to be manobasic and forms an amorphous 

 barium salt. (C 2 s H 23 19 ) 2 Ba, which is white when moist, and green when 

 dry, and a grey, amorphous, basic (?) Zinc salt, probably (C 28 H 23 19 ) 2 

 Zn+Zn O. These salts appear, in general, to be decomposed by water, even 

 in the cold. With strychnine, an acid salt, C 19 H 22 N 2 0, 2 23 3 24 G 19 , is 

 formed. With benzoic chloride and soda, a yellowish, amorphous benzoyl 

 derivative, C 28 H 20 BL 4 19 , melting at 88"5°, is obtained. With phenyl- 

 hydrazine, chebulic acid yields a derivative in the form of a reddish powder, 

 which melts at 142°, and, when dissolved in alcohol and treated with strong 

 aqueous potash, yields a momentarily green, then mulberry-red, and, 

 finally, brownish-red coloration. (Tannic acid, similarly treated, gives a 

 green colour, only gradually changing to red ; gallic acid, an immediate red 

 coloration). When chebulic acid is dissolved in alcohol, and the solution 

 saturated with gaseous hydrogen chloride, some ethyl gallate is formed, and, 

 in addition, a yellow, amorphous acid, somewhat analogous in its properties 

 to tannic acid. Sulphuric acid hydrolyses chebulic acid to gallic acid and 

 other undetermined products.— J. Ch. S. LXIV., pt. I. (1893), p. 212. 



493. T. citrina, Roxb. h.f.b.i., ii. 446. Roxb. 382. 



Vern. : — Ha.ritaki ; Narra i^B.) ; Hilika, Silikka (Assam.) ; 

 Hortaki (Cachar) ; Hariha, Harira (U. P.) 



Habitat :— Assam ; East Bengal ; Burma. 



A large tree attaining 80ft. Leaves thickly coriaceous, 

 elliptic lanceolate or oblong, subopposite, narrowed into a 

 petiole Jin., blade 3-7in.; when adult glabrous, shining, 

 the interstices of the nerves beneath, with sunk, close, white 

 tomentum ; the petiole usually with two glands at the top or 

 on the base, of the leaf beneath. Bracteoles linear, conspicuous 

 on the young spikes. Spikes terminal and lateral, often 

 panicled. Flowers all hermaphrodite. Calyx- teeth glabrous 

 without, hairy within. Young ovary glabrous. Fruit narrow, 

 lanceolate 2in. long. 



Mr. C. B. Clarke remarks that T. eitrina has a straighter stem, 

 a brighter foliage and narrower fruits, but ought perhaps 

 hardly to be reckoned a distinct species." 



Use : — The medicinal properties are similar to those of the 

 Chebulic myrobalan. 



494. T. Arjuna, Bedd. h.f.b.i., ii. 447. 



Syn. : — Pentaptera Arjuna, Roxb. 382. 

 Sans. : — Arjuna ; Kukubha. 



Vern. : — Anjan, arjun, kahu (H.) ; Vella marda, Vellai- 

 maruda-maram (Tarn.) , Ver maddi (Tel.) ; Sanmadat, arjun, 



