554 INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 



saponification number 131. Akalis colour it yellowish-red, and strong sulphuric 

 acid produces a brown mass. The fat is yellowish green, has a pleasant 

 aromatic odour, and dissolves completely in chloroform, partially in ether or 

 alcohol ; it melts at 235°, and has iodine number 199, acid number 95, and 

 saponification number 137. 



The greenish-yellow volatile oil contains eugenol and dissolves in chloro- 

 form, ether, or alcohol ; it boils at 237° and has a sp. gr. 1'069. Sulphuric 

 acid colours it dark green, and bromine vapor orange-yellow. The tannin 

 forms a brown amorphous powder, soluble in water and alcohol, giving a 

 black precipitate with iron salts and reducing alkaline copper solution after 

 boiling with dilute sulphuric acid. Calcium and manganese are present in 

 the plant in combination with phosphoric, oxalic, and malic acids, (J. Ch. 

 S. 1905 A I. 192). 



503. Eugenia jambos, Linn, h.f.b.l. ii 474, 

 Rpxb. 401. 



Vern. : — Gulab-jaman (H.) ; Gulab-jamb (B.) ; Golapjam 

 (Uriya); Jamu (Sind.) ; Jamb (Deccan) ; Malle-nerale, pannerale 

 (Coorg) ; Pannerali (Kan.\ 



Habitat : — East Indies. 



A middle-sized tree. Wood brown, rather soft, with fairly 

 regular, wavy, concentric lines of loose texture Leaves thinly 

 coriaceous, oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, narrowed towards both 

 ends; blade 4-7in., petiole Jin., secondary nerves and intra- 

 marginal veins slender, but distinct. Flowers greenish-white, 

 2-3in. across, in short terminal corymbs ; composed of 2-4 pair 

 of opposite flowers, those of the uppermost pair often opening 

 first. Calyx-tube obconical, Jin. long ; stamens lfin. long, 

 pedicel often as long as Calyx-tube. Fruit globose or pear- 

 shaped, lj-3in. long, yellow or pink ; edible, having the faint 

 flavour of rose. 



Use:— In Bhamo, Upper Burma, the leaves are boiled and 

 used as a medicine for sore eyes (Watt). 



504. E. operculata, Roxb. h.f.b.l, II. 498, 

 Roxb. 398. 



Vern. : — Rai-jaman, piaman, jamawa, dugdugia, thuti (H.) ; 

 Topa (Kol.); Totonopak (Santa!.); Boteejam (Chittagong). 



Habitat:— Sub-Himalayan forests, from the Jumna to 

 Assam, Oudh and Gorakhpur forests ; Cachar and Chittagong. 



