708 INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 



Perennial herbs, glabrous, robust. Stem stout, 3-5 ft. Leaves 

 lft., broad and under, tip acute or rounded, broadly ovate- 

 cordate or subbastate ; obtuse-toothed, sinus open, petiole of 

 lower stout winged, of cauline sheathing ; 5-10in., wing narrow 

 or broad, gashed or toothed. Racemes 4-8in., elongating in 

 fruit. Heads not secund, numerous, peduncled, on a conical 

 raceme, broadly campauulate ; l|-2in. across the ligules. In- 

 volucre-bracts iin., glabrous, 8-12, oblong acute, bases sub- 

 connate. Ligules many, long and broad ; 12-15, J-f in. long, 

 5-9-nerved, tip entire or toothed ; tube of disk-corolla shorter 

 than the limb. Achenes fin. long, deeply grooved, linear, 

 oblong. Pappus very short, coroniform, ^ in., unequal, united 

 at the base. 



Use : — Its roots are officinal in Cashmere ; they somewhat 

 resemble Valerian in appearance and odor, and must prove a 

 good medicine when their properties are once determined 

 (Honnigberger^. Said to be used to adulterate Kut (Sanssurea 

 Lappa). 



675. S. quinquelobus, Hook f : & T. h.f.b.i., 

 hi. 353. 



Vern. :— Morta (Pb.) 



Habitat : — Temperate Himalaya, from Garhwal to Bhutan. 



A herbaceous, glabrous, or sparsely pubescent plant. Root 

 perennial. Stem slender, simple, long, erect, flexous, grooved 

 2-3ft., naked below. Leaves 2-4in., sometimes as broad as 

 long or even broader, rather glaucous beneath, petioled, 

 membranous, cordate, or subreniform, bud 3-7-angled or pal- 

 metly-lobed, upper not cordate ; angles or lobes coarsely sinnate, 

 toothed ; teeth acute and apiculate. Petiole slender, not 

 auricled. Heads narrow 5-6-fid. Racemes a foot long or less, 

 very slender, sometimes quite simple, with secund bracteate 

 peduncles bearing solitary terminal heads and bulb-like leaf- 

 buds in the axils ; or the peduncle becomes an enlongated 

 branch bearing many bulbils. Involucre-bracts obtuse or acute, 

 green, 5-6, linear, membranous. Ligules absent. Corolla large, 

 tube shorter than the campanulate limb ; anthers exserted, with 



