304 Scientific Intelligence. 



the Cambrian or Lower Silurian ; no fossils in the New Richmond ; 

 a common fauna in the Oneonta, Jordan and Saint Lawrence forma- 

 tions. The Oneonta is the basal member of the Magnesian of 

 earlier writers. 



The paper by E. H. Williams announced the discovery of a 

 new locality of extra-morainic drift at South Mountain near 

 Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. 



A. A. Wright reported the tracing of the boundary of the 

 moraine in New Jersey through Riggleville, Pattenburg (White 

 House), Readington to Somerville. 



Prof. G. F. Wright's paper on the Extra-Morainic Drift of 

 New Jersey touched upon the continuity of the deposit from the 

 moraine to the extreme border, and called attention to the need 

 of a revised interpretation of the gravel deposits along the Dela- 

 ware River. Now that the glacial border is brought down seve- 

 ral miles below the mouth of the Lehigh River, the deposits in 

 both rivers above that point heretofore classed with the Phila- 

 delphia brick clay and red gravel are seen to be connected with 

 the presence of land ice and must be so interpreted. Below this 

 point the gravel will not bear the sharp discrimination which has 

 heretofore been given it, the Columbia and the Trenton being 

 practically continuous. — Authors abstract. 



J. W. Spencer, from a study of the topography of the bottom 

 of the ocean and the position of the formation above the level of 

 the sea, in the regions east and south of Florida, concluded that 

 there are numerous deep transverse canons off shore, and among 

 the islands of the West Indies indicating extensive erosion at a 

 time when the whole region was elevated, 2000 fathoms or more 

 above its present level. His opinion was that the elevation oc- 

 curred prior to the close of the Miocene, and that between the 

 later Miocene and the present time there was a downward move- 

 ment of this region. 



In discussing the paper W. P. Blake referred to an unpublished 

 fact that there are across Santo Domingo traces of coral reefs 

 along sides of mountains indicating elevation to the amount of 

 2000 feet since Post-Pliocene began. 



In the paper on Evidences of the derivation of the Kames, 

 Eskers, and Moraines of the North American ice-sheet chiefly 

 from its englacial drift, by Warren Upham, the massive kame 

 hills which make up nearly the whole of the terminal moraine 

 known as the backbone of Long Island eastward from Roslyn 

 were shown to have been deposited at the mouths of superglacial 

 or englacial streams, not by subglacial drainage; and other kames 

 and eskers in New York, North Dakota and Manitoba were de- 

 scribed, whose features imply their similar origin. In Minnesota 

 and North Dakota the relationship of retreatal moraines to Lake 

 Agassiz indicates likewise their englacial derivation. These 

 examples are regarded by the author as types of the general 

 manner of the transportation and deposition of the materials of 

 kames, eskers, and moraines. The basal currents of the ice-sheet 



