APPENDIX 



Art. XLY. — Restoration of Coryvhodon ; by O. C. Marsh. 

 (With Plates Y and YI.) 



The genus Coryphodon, established by Owen in 1846, is of 

 great importance alike to geologists and paleontologists. It 

 represents a remarkable group of large ungulate mammals now 

 known to have lived both in America and Europe during early 

 Eocene time. The remains are found in a distinct horizon, 

 essentially the same in each continent. This horizon is so well 

 marked that geologists may use it as a base for determining 

 the age of other strata. The coryphodont mammals them- 

 selves are of special interest to anatomists, owing to the primi- 

 tive characters shown in the skeleton. Perhaps their greatest 

 importance lies in the fact, that these large hoofed mammals 

 make their appearance suddenly in great numbers at the base 

 of the Tertiary, without a hint as to their ancestral line, and 

 with only diminutive generalized forms for their Mesozoic 

 predecessors. 



In Europe, various coryphodont remains, especially teeth, 

 have been known under various names since the time of 

 Cuvier, the first specimen, a molar tooth, having been found 

 in 180 T. All the remains since discovered there have likewise 

 been fragmentary, and descriptions of them will be found in 

 the works of Owen, Hebert, de Blainville, and more recent 

 authors. A summary of the literature is given in the Palaeon- 

 tology of von Zittel, Yolume IY, now in press.. 



The first specimen of (Joryjphodort, discovered in America 

 was found in 1871, near Evanston, Wyoming, by William 

 Cleburne, while engaged as surveyor for the Union Pacific 

 Railroad. He secured various remains, chiefly teeth and verte- 

 brae, which were found together, and apparently belonged to a 

 single individual. Some of these specimens he gave the same 

 year to Prof. F. Y. Hayden for transmission to Dr. Joseph 

 Leidy, who failed to receive them. They were subsequently 

 described by Prof. E D. Cope under the new generic names 

 Bathmodon and Loxolojphodon* Portions of the same skele- 

 ton, including both teeth and vertebrae, were later given to the 

 writer by Mr. Cleburne, and with them the above statement of 

 the discovery and disposition of the specimens found. Prof. 

 Cope, in 1872, gave the name Meialophodon to a specimen 

 from another locality in Wyoming, and subsequently (1873- 

 1875), in several papers, and under the above generic names, 

 described various remains from Wyoming and New Mexico. 

 He also gave figures of a molar tooth, the hind foot, and a 

 skull, all of which he referred to his genus Bathmodon. 



* Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, vol. xii, pp. 417 and 420, 1872. 



Am. Jour. Sci— Third Series, Vol. XLVI, No. 274.— October, 1893. 

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