442 A. F Foerste — Fossil localities in the early Paleozoics. 



Rutland southwards, in which this thin blue Trenton lime- 

 stone, usually not exceeding thirty feet in thickness and often 

 much less, is known to occur. At Danby Four Corners one 

 exposure lies about two miles southwest of the town in the 

 fields near woods ; a second is seen directly northeast of 

 the corners in the southwestern part of a large open field. 

 Taking the road leading west of South Wallingford to its 

 junction with the west valley road, which follows the eastern 

 side of the long range of hills bounding the western side of 

 the Rutland- South Wallingford Yalley, an exposure of this 

 fossiliferous blue limestone can be found by going diagonally 

 up the hill, in a general northwest direction, to a sort of open 

 bench above a more steeply inclined wooded line on the hill- 

 side, a considerable distance from the road. Passing from the 

 same junction of the roads northward, a series of exposures 

 are found along the eastern flank of the hill range. Their 

 location is sufficiently shown by the accompanying hasty sketch 

 map. The fossils are few in number, and the geology is com- 

 plicated by strike faults, and would not be readily understood 

 had the geology not been unravelled by Prof. J. E. Wolff and 

 Mr. T. N. Dale, farther north where it is less complicated. 

 The most interesting locality is that northwest of Sargent's 

 house some distance south of the bend of the road, where the 

 rock shows cross sections of Streptelasma and Strophomena. 



Above this Trenton limestone especially west of West Rutland 

 Yalley, occurs a great series of shales and sandstones of Hudson 

 River ages, while the coarse conglomerates of Bird Mountain 

 seem to correspond to the Oneida of New Jersey and eastern 

 Pennsylvania sections. 



While Dr. Beecher was discovering Cambrian fossils in the 

 basal portions of the Magnesian limestone series in northern 

 New Jersey, the writer, in the summer of 1890, was also find- 

 ing Cambrian fossils at various points in the Stock bridge lime- 

 stone north of Rutland, which he also was inclined to view as 

 of Olenellus Cambrian age. Later Prof. Wolff added to these 

 localities. The following year Mr. T. X. Dale found others 

 in the limestones of Center Rutland Yalley, west of Claren- 

 don, and the writer later in this second year also collected here, 

 discovering that the Cambrian fossils — chiefly Hyolithes — 

 occurred in a bed having a long strike exposure, and finding a 

 few fossils also below this bed. While these fossils no doubt 

 belong to the lower portions of the great Stockbridge lime- 

 stone series, yet it is probable that this Cambrian portion ex- 

 tends a considerable distance up into the series, although how 

 far is as yet unknown. At present the writer is more inclined 

 to consider these fossils as very high up in the Olenellus Cam- 

 brian, or forming a transition to the Middle Cambrian, but the 



