12 F. Leverett—Correlation of New York 
have stood above lake level and protected the narrow bay back 
of it from the action of strong waves. The strength of the 
beachlets for the three or more miles in which they are devel- 
oped in the lee of this till ridge is perhaps more remarkable 
than the absence of the beach in the eastern portion of the 
plain. We would remark, however, that in case this till ridge 
is a correlative of the beach (as it appears to be) we may sup- 
pose that prior to its formation the ice front at times stood 
sufficiently far to the east to leave the beachlets open to the 
sweep of waves from the broad lake which lay to the west. 
Returning to the point of separation of the outer and inner 
portions of the Crittenden beach, near West Alden, and fol- 
lowing the inner portion we find it passing northward to Alden 
Center, where it is crossed by Ellicott creek. From this point 
its course is northeastward to Crittenden. Throughout much 
of the distance it lies along the inner face of the till ridge just 
mentioned and falls short 10-20 feet of reaching the level of 
its crest. The breadth of this portion of the beach is about as 
great as the breadth of the main beach west from West Alden, 
showing a range from 20 rods up to 40 rods or more and the 
depth of gravel is usually 10-15 feet. The beach maintains 
this strength to a point about two miles east from Crittenden 
in a course parallel to, and immediately north from, the New 
. York Central Railway. Here at a point almost due north from 
the eastern terminus of the beachlets composing the outer or 
upper portion this division of the beach also becomes ill 
detined. 
Immediately east from the point where the Crittenden beach 
becomes obscure a complicated series of morainic ridges sets in 
which occupy the interval between the New York Central 
Railway and Tonewanda creek eastward to the bend of that 
stream near Batavia. These are discussed below as probable 
correlatives of the Crittenden beach. 
Upon examining closely the district west from the ends of 
these morainic ridges we find occasional developments of low 
gravelly ridges, apparently the product of wave action. They 
seldom rise more than three feet above the bordering plain and 
are but a few rods in width. On the lakeward side of these 
ridges, however, there are, in places, quite extensive deposits 
of sand and gravel with plane surface which have the appear- 
ance of being the deposits of a lake bottom. These occasional 
developments of beach phenomena occur as far northeast as a 
point two miles north of the village of Indian Falls in the ~ 
southern part of Alabama township, Genesee county (the 
northwest township of the county). The action of waves is 
there indicated on the brow of the Corniferous escarpment by 
a narrow bench cut in the drift and bordered on the east by a 
