Series in Kansas, Oklahoma and New Mexico. 207 
The writer naturally felt interested in the extension north- 
ward into Kansas of the supposed equivalents of the Comanche 
series of the Texas region as announced by Prof. Cragin, and 
in August, 1894, proceeded to the region in company with 
Mr. C. N. Gould, a promising young local student, and Mr. 
G. B. Shattuck of the post graduate department of Johns 
Hopkins University. We made minute studies and sections 
of the localities in Barber and Comanche counties. The pres- 
ent observations are based upon extensive studies and collec- 
tions made upon this trip. 
Four miles west of Sun City a small remnant of the Creta- 
ceous, hardly 100 feet long, 50 feet broad, and not over 40 
feet thick, forms a cap to a Red Bed butte. This is the eastern- 
most Cretaceous formation interpolated between the Red Beds 
and Tertiary, as seen by the writer on this journey.* This 
outcrop is the remnantal base of the Cretaceous formations, 
more fully developed to the westward. 
About two miles west, upon the northeast land section of 
Comanche county, a more extensive and thicker outcrop of the 
Cretaceous formation occurs. This locality is the “ Black 
Hills” of St. John, Hay and Cragin, so-called from the black 
color of the shale composing the buttes, as distinguished from 
the predominant red color of the buttes of the Gypsum Hills 
region lower down the river. This locality is the easternmost 
of a continuous series of outcrops exposed from here to west 
of Belvidere. A minute study was here made of the section, 
which is as follows, beginning at the bottom : 
Section at Black Hills, Northeast Corner of Comanche Co. 
I. The Red Beds. Ft. Ins. 
1. Friable beds of finely comminuted sand and clay 
of intense vermilion color constituting the 
slopes and base of the butte. Some 400 feet 
of this formation are exposed. This is the prob- 
lematical formation known as the Red Beds. 
Wriassic o£ various writers 2224 --_.....----- 300 
IIa. The Cheyenne Sandstone. 
1, White pack sand, sometimes irregularly cross- 
bedded, consisting of the loosely or unconsoli- 
dated sand known in the Texas region as 
“pack sand” with occasional fine silicious 
pebbles. In its upper and exposed portion 
this sand ultimately becomes ferruginated 
into light-colored limonitic tints, but some- 
times it reveals blotches of vermilion hemati- 
tic coloring. The ultimate oxidation, how- 
ever, is a dark blackish brown. Some kaolin- 
ized pebbles were occasionally seen in layers 
of gravel three inches thick. The total bg 
fess: of this. formation is) 25.-.--.-.-.---246 57 
* Prof. Hay notes having seen a patch of these beds in the hills north of 
Sharon, which are thirty miles east of this locality. 
