458 Haworth—Stratigraphy of the Kansas Coal Measures. 
four to thirty four inches in thickness, from which all of the 
Linn county coal is obtained; also they frequently have suffici- 
ent calcareous material to produce thin limestone beds, that 
are always well filled with fossils, from which the following are 
representatives: Cyathaxonia distorta; Athyris trinucla, 
very rare; Chonetes mesoloba, last seen here; Discona nitida, 
becoming rare; L?hynchonella uta. 
The Erie Limestone.*—Above the Pleasanton shales a 
group of three principal limestone systems are met with which 
in places are so close together that they can well be described 
as one, but which to the south diverge vertically so much that 
near the south side of the state their lines of outcropping are 
ten to twenty miles apart. From the vicinity of Union Town 
west of Fort Scott northward to Kansas City they are rarely 
more than ten to twenty feet apart vertically and often much 
less. Southward, where they diverge so greatly, local names 
have been used for each member; their use is purely local and 
geographic. The upper one of the three is considerably the 
more important. It thickens rapidly westward from the vicin- 
ity of Cherryvale, where it caps the hill tops to Independence, 
where it is from thirty to forty feet thick. In places it has 
been extensively quarried and is quite well known as the Inde- 
pendence limestone. The lowermost member of the three 
seems to be the same as the Bethany Falls limestone of Broad- 
head,+ number 78 in his section. 
These limestones have a great lateral extent, reaching from 
the south line of the state to Kansas City, from which point, 
according to Broadhead,{ they extend northward to the Iowa 
line, and according to Keyes,§ from there almost entirely 
across the state of Iowa, making them an unusually extensive 
limestone formation. Westward they reach as far as the deep 
borings made in Kansas. They abound in fossils, from the 
list of which the following species are selected: /usulona 
cylindrica ; Axophyllum rudis; Campophyllum torquium ; 
Archiocidaris mucronatus; Archiocidaris triserrata; EHri- 
socrinus typus; Hupachycrinus tuberculatus ; Scaphocrinus 
hemisphericus ; Zeacrinus acanthophorus; Serpula ineita ; 
Sprrorbis carbonaria; LHennestella Polypora sub- 
marginata ; Synocladia biserialis; Chonetes granulifera ; 
Chonetes smithi; Chonetes millepunctatus ; Orthis pecosi ; 
Orthis robusta; Orbiculoida ; Productus amere- 
cana ; Productus pertenuis ; Productus symmetricus ; Syn- 
trilasma hemiplicata ; Terebratula bovidens; Allorisma gra- 
* Haworth and Kirk, Kan. Univ. Quart., vol. ii, p. 188, Jan., 1894 
+ Broadhead, Mo. Geol. Rep., 1872, part ii, p. 97. 
t Loe. cit. 
§ Keyes, this Journal, vol. 1, p. 243, 1895. 
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