54 



above, it is highly probable that weaker sprays would be 

 equally effective. It is likely that more sprayings will be 

 necessary in treating melanose on the lemon than on the 

 orange because of the more extended flowering period of the 

 former. Although the experiments were mostly with Bordeaux 

 mixture, which has proved fully effective in preventing the 

 malady, it is likely that ammoniacal solution of copper car- 

 bonate will be the most practical remedy, because it is not so 

 apt to injure the trees and will probably prove as effective as 

 Bordeaux mixture. 



The following is a summaiy of practical directions for keep- 

 ing melanose in check. In treating the lemon for melanose 

 spray with Bordeaux mixture (13) or ammoniacal solution of 

 copper carbonate. Spray first about a month after the begin- 

 ning of the spring blooming, or when the oldest of the young 

 fruits are about the size of an olive. Spray agfain about a 

 month after the first application, after flowering has ceased and 

 the youngest fruits are the size of a pea. A third spraying 

 may be made a month later if it is found necessary, but two 

 sprayings will probably be sufficient. 



In treating the orange and grape fruit for this disease, use 

 Bordeaux mixture or ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate, 

 prepared as indicated above Two sprayings should be made, 

 the first about two weeks after the flowers have fallen and the 

 second about a month later. A Vermorel nozzle and a pump 

 giving a good spray should be used. The spray must be 

 applied to the fruits in the form of a fine mist, covering them 

 thinly and evenly. In this way the leaves will be sufficiently 

 coated without any special effort being made to wet them. 



(13) Take 6 lbs. of copper sulphate and 3 lbs. of good lime to 80 

 gallons of water. Slack the lime carefully and dissolve the copper 

 sulphate ; then dilute each constituent with water to 25 gallons and mix. 

 Add 6 lbs. of soap, dissolved in as many gallons of hot water, and finally 

 add enough water to bring the mixture up to 80 gallons. A resin soap 

 suitable for adding to fungicides can be prepared very easily as follows i 

 Take 40 lbs. resin, 20 lbs. sal soda (crystalline) and water to make 25 

 gallons. Place the resin and sal soda in a comparatively large kettle 

 with 5 quarts of water. Boil, meanwhile stirring briskly, until the resin 

 and sal soda are thoroughly mixed together and form a frothy mixture 

 without lumps. Now add 20 gallons of cold water, pouring it rather 

 slowly and with short intervals between, and avoid chilling the mixture 

 too suddenly. When all of the water is added bring to a boil ; then 

 pour out the hot solution, straining through a coarse cloth, and add 

 sufficient water to make 25 gallons of the solution. This if correctly 

 made forms a thick dark brown, translucent, syrupy solution, which 

 may be preserved as a stock preparation. About 2 lbs. of soap are con- 

 tained to the gallon and the cost is only about 1| to 2 A cents per gallon, 

 while ordinary good hard soap costs five to twelve times as much. 



