:87.6 INDIAN MED.IC1NAL PLANTS. 



The authors of the Parmaeographia say:— "By exhausting the seeds 

 dried at 100° 0. with boiling ether, we obtained a thick light-brownish 

 oil having an acrid taste and concreting below 18° C. The powdered seeds 

 yielded of this oil 14*4 per cent. Water removes from the seeds a consider- 

 able amount of mucilage, some albuminous matter, and a little tannic acid. 

 The first is soluble to some extent in dilute spirit of wine, and may be 

 precipitated therefrom by an alcoholic solution of acetate of lead. 



"The active principle of Kaladana is a resin, soluble in alcohol, but 

 neither in benzol nor in ether. From the residue of the seeds after exhaus- 

 tion by ether, treatment with absolute alcohol removed a pale yellowish 

 resin in quantity equivalent to 8-2 per cent, of the seed. Kaladana resin, 

 which has been introduced into medical practice in India under the name 

 of Pharbitisin, has a nauseous acrid taste and an unpleasant odour, espe- 

 cially when heated. It melts at about 160° C. The following liquids dissolve 

 it more or less freely, namely, spirit of wine, absolute alcohol, acetic acid, 

 glacial acetic acid, acetone, acetic ether, methylic and amylic alcohol, and 

 alkaline solutions. It is, on the other hand, insoluble in ether, benzol, 

 chloroform, and sulphide of carbon. "With concentrated sulphuric acid, it 

 forms a brownish yellow solution, quickly assuming a violet hue. This 

 reaction, however, requires, a very small quantity of the powdered resin. 

 If a solution of the resin in ammonia after having been kept a short time 

 is acidulated, no precipitate is formed ; but the solution is now capable of 

 separating protoxide of copper from an alkaline solution of the tartrate, 

 which originally it did not alter. Heated with nitric acid, the resin affords 

 sebacic acid. 



" From these reactions of Kaladana resin, we are entitled to infer that 

 it agrees with the resin of jalap or Convolvulin. To prepare it in quantity, 

 it would probably be best to treat the seeds with common acetic acid, and 

 to precipitate it by neutralising the solution. We have ascertained that 

 the resin is not decomposed when digested with glacial acetic acid at 100° 

 C, even for a week. 



" We have had the opportunity of examining a sample of Kaladana resin 

 manufactured by Messrs. Rogers and Co., Chemists of Bombay and Poona, 

 which we found to agree with that prepared by ourselves. It is a light 

 yellowish friable mass, resembling purified jalap resin, and, like it, capable 

 of being perfectly decolourised by treatment with animal charcoal." (op. 

 cit., 2nd Ed., p. 449.) 



837. I. uniflora, Roem and Sch., h.f.b.l, IV. 201. 



Habitat :-— Through t India, from Nepal and Khasia to 

 Ceylon ; not common, more frequent in the Deccan Peninsula. 



A glabrescent twining herb with creeping stems. Leases 

 petioled, oblong, obtuse, entire. Peduncles axillary, 1-flowerecL 

 Outer sepals larger than the inner and decurrent on the pedicel. 

 Corolla white, campanulate, hairy on the bands outside. Oyary r 



