N. o. C0NV0LVULACE2E. 883 



water, and taken with the addition of rock salt and ginger or 

 sugar and black pepper. Roxburgh wrote in his Flora Inrliea 

 of this drug that " the bark of the root is by natives employed 

 as a purgative, for which they use it fresh, rubbed up with milk. 

 About G inches in length of a root, as thick as the little finger, 

 they reckon a common dose." 



Mr. T. N. Mukharji suggests that the uncertain action of the 

 drug, purchased from the bazar, may be due to the admixture of 

 the roots of Ipomcea bona-nox. The two roots, when dry, cannot 

 be easily distinguished from each other. The plants, however, 

 though resembling each other, can be easily identified. I. bona. 

 noxhasa round stem, while that of I. Turpethum is ribbed. The 

 flowers and seeds of I. bona-nox are also larger than those of L 

 Turpetham. 



Tnrpethin, C 7o - H 128 36 , the glucoside of the roots of Ipomcea turpetham, 

 is an amorphous, yellow powder, colourless, in thin layers, and melts at 146 # 8° 

 (corr); it has a rotatory power of— 30' 14°, and is sparingly soluble in chloroform, 

 soluble in alcohol and acetic acid. When treated with alkalis, it yields 

 turpethic acid, a yellow, hygroscopic mass. By oxidation with nitric acid, 

 turpethin yields oxalic, isobutyric, and sebacic acids and carbonic anhydride, 

 whilst potassium permanganate oxidises it to oxalic, isobutyric, and turpe- 

 tholic acids. When hydrolysed with mineral acids, it yields isobutyric acid 

 (I mol.), turpethole, C x6 H 30 O (? C 1(J H 30 0) 3 , a substance forming feathery, 

 interlaced crystals and melting at 8576° (I mol), glucose (3 mols.), and 

 a viscid, liquid acid, which was not isolated, but gave a silver salt, Ci 5 

 H 27 5 Ag, 



Turpetholic acid, C l6 H 32 + is obtained, as mentioned, and also by the 

 action of alkalis or their carbonates on turpethole. It forms a hard, white, 

 crystalline mass, melts at ,88*4°, and is soluble in alcohol, sparingly soluble in 

 ether ; turpethole seems to be the anhydride of turpetholic acid.— J. Ch. S. 

 1893, A. I. 424. 



Turpethin is identical with jalapin in percentage composition ; when 

 treated with baryta water, turpethic acid is formed, which is colourless and 

 not volatile with steam.— J. Ch. S. 1896, A. I. 38. 



The rhizome contains a glucosidal resin, named turpethein, soluble in 

 pure ether. This is separable by light petroleums spirit into a soluble 

 glucoside, a— turpethein, and a sparingly soluble body, b— turpethein. a— 

 Turpethein is soluble in baryta water, and yields, when hydrolysed, the 

 non-volatile fatty hydroxy-acid, C 16 H 32 3 , identical or isomeric with jalap- 

 pinio ipomeolic, and tampicolic acids. It also yields a volatile fatty acid of 

 C s series, probably one of the valeric acids. The sugar formed is rhamnose. 

 b— Turpethein, when hydrolysed, gives a non-volatile, higher fatty acid, 

 rhodeose, and dextrose.— [J Ch. T. May 31, 1907, p. 550], 



