N. O. EUPHORBIACEvE. 1129 



lateral nerves indistinct. Involucres 3 together, central sessile 

 with male flowers, lateral, pedunculate with only male or both 

 male and female flowers ; lobes fimbriate, erect, ovate. Bracte- 

 oles many. Capsule |in. diam. Seeds smooth. (Kanjilal.) 



Uses : — The juice of the leaves used internally as a purgative ; 

 mixed with nim oil externally applied in rheumatism. On the 

 Western Coast bark of the root boiled in rice water and arrack 

 given in dropsy. Leaves, simply warmed in the fire, will pro- 

 mote urine, ex ternally applied, while their juice warmed is a 

 good remedy in ear-ache and occasionally rubbed over the eyes 

 to remove dimness of sight. (Ainslie and Rheede.) The pulp of 

 the stem, mixed with green ginger given to persons bitten with 

 mad dogs, previous to the appearance of hydrophobia. (Journ. 

 Agri-Horti. Soc. X 37.) Horsfield {Asiat. Journ., vol. vii , p. 

 265) mentions a case of dropsy in which he prescribed the 

 inspissated juice of E. Nivulia in doses of a few (?) grains as a 

 diuretic, and states that it was productive of evident relief. {Ph. 

 Ind.) 



Ohem. Comp.— The dried juice contains 35 per cent, of Euphorbon, 25*40 

 per cent, of resin soluble in ether, 13-70 of resin insoluble in ether, 1/50 per 

 cent, of caoutchouc, and the other constituents of commercial gum euphorbium. 

 The dried juice of E. Tirucalli was also found to be of a similar nature, and to 

 contain 4 per cent, of caoutchouc. Henke examined the juice of sixteen 

 species of Euphorbia and ascertained that they all contain euphorbon, so that 

 we may fairly suppose it, as well as an acid resin, malate of calcium, and 

 caoutchouc, to be a constant constituent of the milky juice of all the plants 

 belonging to the genus. (Archiv. d. Pharm. Vol. 224, 729-759.) 



1119. E. antiquorum, Linn., h.f.b.i., v. 255 ; 

 Roxb. 390. 



Sails. :-— Sihunda, vajra, vajrakantaka. 



Vern. : — Tindhara sehund, tidhara-sehnr (H.) ; Narasij, 

 tekatasij, bajbaran, lariya-dnona (B.) ; Etkec' (Sant.) ; Dokana-siju 

 (Uriya) ; Shidu (Michi) ; Naraseja (Mar.) ; Tandhari-send (Guz.) ; 

 Shadhurak-kalli, tirikalli (Tarn.) ; Bomma jemuclu, bonta- 

 chemudu (Tel.); mudu, mula-jemudu (Kan.) ; Katak-kalli (Mai.). 



Habitat .-—Throughout the hotter parts of India in dry 

 places. 



A polymorphous plant (Wight), attaining 25ft. (Kurz), 15- 



30ft. (Trimen). Trunk stout, often 3ft. or more in circum- 

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