1172 INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 



N4 4 , which is termed ricimnic acid ; the same acid may also be obtained by 

 the hydrolysis of ricinin with caustic soda. It is a dibasic acid, which melts 

 at 295,° yields a silver salt, a barium salt crystallising with 4 H 2 O, and a 

 bromo-derivative, lS H 12 Br 2 N 4 4 , melting at 180°. (J. Ch. S. 1896, A. I. 386.) 



1159. Baliospermum axillare., Blume. h.f.b.i., v. 

 461. 



Syn.:—B. montanum MuelL-Arg., B. polyandrum, Wight ; 

 Croton polyandros, Eoxb. 687. 



Sans. : — Danti. 



Vera. : — Danti, hakum or hakim (H. and B.) ; Konda-amu- 

 dam naypawlum, adavi-amudam (Tel.); Poguntig (Lepcba) ; 

 Jangli jamalgota (U. P.) ; Danti (Mar.) ; Jainalgota, dantimul 

 (Bomb., Guj. and Cutch). 



: ' The vernacular names of B. Montanum, Croton tiglium, 

 Jatropha glandulifera and J. curcas are confounded with each 

 other in most districts of India, particularly in the Madras 

 Presidency." (Moodeen Sheriff.) Roots sold as Danti-mul in the 

 Bazars. 



Habitat :— Tropical and subtropical Himalayas, from Kash- 

 mir to Bhotan ; from Assam and Khasia mountains to Chitta- 

 gong. Deccan Peninsula from Behal and the Concan to 

 Travancore. 



A stout leafy undershrub 3-6ft. high with herbaceous bran- 

 ches from the root, glabrous except the young shoots and some- 

 times the leaves beneath. Leaves firmly coriaceous, very 

 variable in size and shape ; the upper 2-3in. long, lanceolate, 

 penninerved ; the lower 6-12in. long, often palmately 3-5 lobed 

 and with sinuate-toothed margins ; base rounded or cuneate ; 

 petioles 2-6in. long ; stipules of 2 glands. Flowers usually 

 monoecious, arranged in many axillary racemes or contracted 

 panicles, all male or with a few females at the base. Male 

 flowers -—Calyx globose, tain., 4-5-partite, often slightly hairy ; 

 segments finely mottled. Disk of 6 glands. Stamens about 

 20. Fem. flowers : — Sepals not enlarging in fruit. Disk thin, 

 i^m. in diam. Ovary hairy ; styles about i^m. long, thick, 2- 

 partite, dull-red. Capsules i-Jin. long, obovoid, usually hairy. 

 Seeds fin. long, smooth, mottled. (Duthie.) 



