N T . 0. URTICAOE^. 1195 



to rise from below the base of the receptacle) ; peduncle proper 

 from 4 to lin. long. Male flowers with 3 or 4 cleft gamophyl- 

 lous perianth and a single stamen. Gall flowers with a perianth 

 like the males ; the ovary ovoid, smooth, with a short, lateral 

 style. Fertile female flowers with gamophyllous 4-cleft perianth, 

 the achene sub-globular, minutely tuberculate, with a hyaline, 

 viscid, external coat, style long, lateral stigma cylindric. 



This is a polymorphic species, and often presents great 

 variety in foliage even in the same plant. (King.) 



Uses : — The juice of the root of this shrub is internally 

 administered in colic pains, and the juice of the leaves mixed 

 with milk in dysentery. The bark of the root, which is very 

 bitter, pulverised and mixed with coriander seed, is considered 

 a good remedy in coughs and asthma and similar affections of 

 the chest. (Rheede.) 



1183. F. asperrisma, Roxb., h.f.b.t., v. 522; 

 Roxb. 644. 



Vern. : — Kal-ambar (Guj.) ; Kharwat (Mar.); Karakarbuda 

 (Tel.) ; Khargas (Kan.); Irumbaruthan (Tarn,) 



Habitat : — Central India and the Deccan Peninsula. 



A shrub or tree, all young parts very scabrous. Leaves 

 collected about extremities of branches, alternate, petiolate, 

 oblong-lanceolate to ovate or obovate or elliptic ; the apex blunt 

 or acuminate ; the edges subentire, serrate, dentate or crenate in 

 the upper three-fourths, and entire towards the rounded or 

 blunt ; 3-nerved, primary nerves 3-5 pair, very prominent and 

 hispid on lower surface, as are the reticulations ; the rest of the 

 lower surface scabrid-hispid ; upper surface pretty uniformly 

 and strongly scabrous, shortly hispid. Blade lj-5in. long, pe- 

 tiole f-lin. long, stout, stipules minute. Receptacles pedunculate, 

 often reflexed, scabrous-hispid, globular, slightly depressed at 

 apex, with rather prominent umbilicus. Umbilical scales erect. 

 Male flowers numerous in part of receptacles ; perianth of 4-5 

 linear-lanceolate, scabrid pieces. Stamen 1. Ovary of gall- 

 flowers ovate, lanceolate, with thick terminal style and dilated 

 stigma ; the perianth like that of male flowers. Fertile female 

 flowers : — with perianth of 6-7 linear-lanceolate, smooth pieces. 



