1226 INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 



Habitat: — Planted only in N.-W. India. 



A tall, evergreen tree. Bark thin, light, peeling off in thin 

 strips. Wood light-brown, moderately hard, close and even- 

 grained. An ornamental tall tree, cultivated in gardens, attain- 

 ing 100ft. and 9ft. girth of the trunk ; branches and their 

 tips erect, with the leaves 4-angled ; crown narrowly cylindrical 

 of drak-green foliage. Leaves ovate-oblong, convex, with a 

 gland on either side. Anthers about 4 ; cones few, scattered, 

 peduncled, lin. diam., globose or oblong ; scales of cone tuber- 

 cled, 3-14, usually lin. diam., with a short, convex or keeled 

 horn or boss. Seeds ovoid or oblong, nucleus angled. 



Uses : — Wood and fruit are regarded as astringent and 

 anthelmintic. (Watt.) The fruit is prescribed as an aromatic 

 stimulant in piles. (T. N. Mukerji.) 



1215. Juniperus communis, Linn., h.f.b.i., v. 



646. 



Vern. : — Aaraar (Hind.); Chichia (Kumaon) ; Nfich, pama, 

 pethra, bentha, betar (Kashmir) ; Petthri, petthar, betthal 

 wetyar, pama, giashuk, lassar, nuch, chuch, betar, dhflp, lewar, 

 langshur, thelu, gugil, chui, shupa, fruit = haulber, abhul (Pb.); 

 Langshur thelu, lewar (Kunawar); Chuni, shnha (Spiti) ; Sbama 

 (Lahoul); Abhal (Dec.) ; Fruit = Abhal,4iabbul-aaraar, samratul- 

 arraar (Arab.). 



Habitat : — Western Himalaya, from Kumaon westward. 



A dense, diffuse, ever-green shrub. Leaves i-fin., in 

 whorls of three, straight, spreading or erect ; base narrowed, 

 upper surface pale or white, concave ; lower green, convex, or 

 obtusely keeled beneath, with a more or less prominent cushion 

 on branchlets, persistent 3-4 years. Flowers axillary, sup- 

 ported by small, imbricating bracts ; the male catkins ovoid, 

 yellow, antheriferous ; scales broad-ovate, acuminate. The females 

 resembling leaf-buds. Fruit globose, blue-black when ripe i~§-in., 

 very fleshy, ripening in August and September of the year 

 after flowering. Seeds usually 3. Fruit sweet, aromatic, resinous, 

 covered with a handsome, light bloom. Bark thin, reddish- 

 brown, fibrous. Wood white ; heartwood yellowish or pale-red, 



