N. 0. CONIFER.*:. 1227 



fragrant, moderately hard. In the Himalayas, the tree rarely 

 attains more than C-7ft. in height, often with a disproportion- 

 ately thick stem, 18-24in. in girth. 



Uses : — The fruit and the oil are officinal in the Pharmaco- 

 poeias of India and Great Britain. 



The nuts are sold in the bazars of Northern India for 

 medicine, and are prescribed as diuretic and stimulant. Irvine 

 mentions that they are imported into Patna from Nepal, and 

 are used in the treatment of gonorrhoea. (Watt.) 



" Juniper fruit and oil possesses carminative, stimulant and 

 diuretic properties. They are useful in different forms of 

 dropsies, either administered alone, or in combination with 

 other diuretics. They have been used in mucous discharges as 

 gonorrhoea, gleet and leucorrhoea ; and in some cutaneous 

 diseases. The wood has been regarded as sudorific in its 

 action, and has been substituted for Guaiacum and Sassafras." 

 (Bentley and Trimen.) 



1216. J. recurva. Ram., h.f.b.i., v. 647. 



Vern. : — Tupi (Nepal) ; Deschu, chakbu (Sikkim) ; Bettar, 

 bhedara, bidelganj, thelu, phulu, jhora, guggal, bil, urun, 

 agani (U. P.) ; Wetyar, bettar, chuch, thelu, phulu (Pb.) ; 

 Pama (Tibet.) 



Habitat : — Temperate and Alpine Himalaya. 



An evergreen graceful, blue, glaucous tree attaining 30ft. or 

 straggling, gregarious shrub. Bark brown, thin, peeling off in 

 long fibrous strips. Wood moderately hard, very fragrant ; sap- 

 wood white; heartwood light-red. (Gamble.) Branches fastigiate, 

 decurved and ascending, with pendulous branches in large plants. 

 Leaves subulate, imbricate, more or less depressed, in whorls of 

 3, fin. long, lanceolate, pungent, back convex. Branchlets more 

 or less 6-sided. Male catkins and bracts at the end of short 

 lateral leafy branchlets, ovoid,Yellow, Females small, ovules 

 erect. Berries ovoid, pointed, -§-|in. long, shining, dark-brown 

 or blackish-purple when ripe. Seed 1, oblong, not winged. 



Uses : — Aitchison reports that the smoke from the green 

 wood is known in Kashmir as a powerful emetic, producing 

 long continued vomiting. 



