1294 INDIAN MEDICINAL PLAINTS, 



(C-p. 133°). A small quantity of a substance was isolated from the fractions 

 boiling above 100° (10 mm.), and appears to be identical with one of the com- 

 pounds obtained from oil of asafcetida. The residue boiling above 126° 

 (10 mm.) contains a higher sulphide, and gives the compound C 6 H 12 S 2 on re- 

 duction with zinc-dust. Neither allyle sulphide, nor a sesquinterpene were 

 present.— J. Ch. S. LXIV. pt. I (1893) p. 104. 



The outer skins of the bulb of the onion contain a yellow colouring 

 matter (Quercetin) of which the formula is C 15 H 10 O 7 . 



1282. A. sativum, Linn,, h.f.bj., vl, 337;Roxb. 



287. 



Sans.: — Lasuna ; Mahaushada. 



Vern. : — Lassun (H.) ; Rasun (B.) ; Naharu (Am,) ; Lasun 

 (Mar.) ; Shunam (Dec.) ; Vallai-pundu (Tarn.) ; Velluii-talla- 

 gadda(TeL); Belluli (Kan.) ; Gokpas (Bhote). The best kind 

 sold in Bombay is called " Goghari Lusoon. (K. R. K.) 



Habitat :— Cultivated niuch in the U. P., especially in 

 Garhwal, and Kumaon. Also in the Panjab and Kashmir. 

 In the Western Peninsula. 



A perennial herb. The true stem, which is much reduced, 

 gives off roots from the base, and supports, as cauline appendages, 

 the overlapping scales (old leaf bases), which were thickened 

 below and bear, in their axils, small bulbs or cloves. These 

 closely imbricating scales, together with the cloves and the 

 reduced stem, form the bulb. The leaves are flat. The slender 

 flowering stem, or scape, emerges from the centre of the bulb, 

 and bears a few flowers in umbels, the majority being replaced 

 by dimunitive bulbs or bulbils. (Duthie.) Spathes long-beaked. 

 Sepals lanceolate, acuminate. Stamens 3-pointed. (Roxb.) Inner 

 filaments 2-toothed. 



Uses : — Garlic is considered hot and aperient ; given in 

 fevers, coughs, piles, leprosy, being regarded as carminative, 

 diuretic, stomachic, alterative, emenagogue and tonic, and 

 much used in nervous affections. Externally, the juice is 

 applied to the ears for deafness and pain. The oil extracted 

 from the seed is also medicinal. The cloves of the bulb are 

 given in confection for rheumatism. The properties of garlic 

 depend upon a volatile oil which may readily be obtained by 



