﻿52 
  Linebarger 
  — 
  Application 
  of 
  Law 
  of 
  Solubility, 
  etc. 
  

  

  cases 
  are, 
  however, 
  exceptional, 
  and 
  can 
  be 
  as 
  likely 
  due 
  to 
  

   chance 
  as 
  to 
  law. 
  Now, 
  as 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  laid 
  down 
  as 
  a 
  general 
  

   rule 
  that, 
  no 
  matter 
  in 
  how 
  many 
  instances 
  a 
  " 
  Jaw 
  of 
  Nature" 
  

   may 
  be 
  confirmed, 
  one 
  exception 
  is 
  sufficient 
  to 
  disprove 
  that 
  

   generality 
  which 
  is 
  taken 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  very 
  essence 
  of 
  law, 
  it 
  is 
  

   apparent 
  that 
  the 
  truth 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  law 
  " 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  in 
  hand 
  is 
  

   very 
  doubtful. 
  

  

  Arctowski* 
  has 
  investigated 
  what 
  may 
  be 
  termed 
  the 
  com- 
  

   plement 
  of 
  the 
  case 
  studied 
  by 
  fitard 
  (loc. 
  cit), 
  for 
  he 
  deter- 
  

   mined 
  the 
  solubility 
  of 
  three 
  very 
  similar 
  — 
  as 
  regards 
  their 
  

   chemical 
  constitution 
  — 
  salts, 
  viz 
  : 
  the 
  chloride, 
  bromide, 
  and 
  

   iodide 
  of 
  mercury, 
  in 
  carbon 
  disulphide. 
  Arctowski 
  com- 
  

   municates 
  his 
  results 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  form 
  as 
  does 
  Etard. 
  To 
  per- 
  

   mit 
  of 
  direct 
  comparison 
  with 
  our 
  " 
  law," 
  I 
  have 
  recalculated 
  

   his 
  results 
  in 
  molecules, 
  the 
  data 
  being 
  given 
  in 
  Table 
  III. 
  

  

  Table 
  III. 
  

  

  Solubility 
  of 
  the 
  Halide 
  Salts 
  of 
  Mercury 
  in 
  Carbon 
  Bisulphide. 
  

  

  Mercuric. 
  -76i° 
  -21° 
  -10J° 
  0° 
  8' 
  13£° 
  19£° 
  25° 
  29° 
  

  

  Chloride, 
  0'003 
  0'004 
  0'005 
  0-099 
  0*011 
  0-016 
  

  

  Bromide, 
  0*011 
  0-018 
  0-024 
  0*029 
  0*038 
  0*041 
  

  

  Iodide, 
  0*008 
  0*013 
  0*017 
  0*029 
  0*039 
  0*044 
  0*050 
  0*056 
  0*079 
  

  

  Here 
  again 
  we 
  see 
  no 
  confirmation 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  law 
  " 
  in 
  ques- 
  

   tion. 
  The 
  solubilities 
  of 
  the 
  salts 
  are 
  in 
  direct 
  proportion 
  to 
  

   their 
  molecular 
  masses, 
  and 
  the 
  curves 
  with 
  temperatures 
  on 
  

   axis 
  of 
  abscissas 
  and 
  solubilities 
  on 
  axis 
  of 
  ordinates 
  are 
  very 
  

   nearly 
  parallel. 
  

  

  In 
  order 
  to 
  increase 
  our 
  knowledge 
  of 
  the 
  solubilities 
  of 
  

   salts 
  in 
  organic 
  liquids, 
  and 
  to 
  augment 
  our 
  store 
  of 
  data 
  with 
  

   which 
  to 
  compare 
  the 
  law 
  in 
  question, 
  I 
  have 
  made 
  a 
  number 
  

   of 
  determinations 
  of 
  the 
  solubility 
  of 
  several 
  salts 
  in 
  benzene 
  

   and 
  ethyl 
  ether 
  ; 
  the 
  results 
  of 
  this 
  work 
  are 
  given 
  in 
  Tables 
  

   IY 
  and 
  Y. 
  

  

  Table 
  IY. 
  

  

  Solubility 
  of 
  Cadmium 
  Iodide, 
  Mercuric 
  Chloride, 
  and 
  Silver 
  Nitrate 
  in 
  Benzene. 
  

  

  Temperatures. 
  10°*7 
  11°*4 
  16°-0 
  35°-0 
  38°-8 
  40°*5 
  

  

  Cadmium 
  iodide, 
  0*01 
  0*02 
  

  

  Mercuric 
  chloride, 
  0*11 
  0*12 
  0*23 
  0*25 
  

  

  Silver 
  nitrate, 
  0*01 
  0*02 
  

  

  Table 
  V. 
  

   Solubility 
  of 
  Cadmium 
  Iodide 
  in 
  Ethyl 
  Ether. 
  

   Temperatures. 
  0° 
  15°-5 
  20°*3 
  

  

  Cadmium 
  iodide, 
  0*03 
  0*04 
  0*05 
  

  

  These 
  data 
  also 
  cannot 
  be 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  favorable 
  to 
  the 
  law. 
  

  

  *Zeitschr. 
  f. 
  anorgan. 
  Chemie, 
  v, 
  263, 
  1894. 
  

  

  