﻿Geology 
  and 
  Mineralogy. 
  

  

  67 
  

  

  Glacial 
  Succession 
  in 
  British 
  Isles. 
  

  

  1. 
  Weybourn 
  crag* 
  and 
  Chillesford 
  

   clay. 
  

  

  2. 
  Forest-bed 
  of 
  Cromer. 
  

  

  3. 
  Lower 
  boulder-clays 
  and 
  associated 
  

   fluvio-glacial 
  deposits. 
  

  

  4. 
  Marine, 
  fresh-water, 
  and 
  terrestrial 
  

   accumulation; 
  basin 
  of 
  Moray 
  Firth; 
  

   basin 
  of 
  Irish 
  Sea; 
  Lanarkshire, 
  Ayr- 
  

   shire, 
  Edinburghshire, 
  &c. 
  ; 
  Hessle 
  grav- 
  

   els: 
  Sussex 
  beach-deposits, 
  &c. 
  ; 
  Settle 
  

   Cave, 
  &c. 
  

  

  5. 
  Upper 
  boulder-clay 
  and 
  associated 
  

   fluvio-glacial 
  deposits. 
  

  

  6. 
  Fresh- 
  water 
  alluvia 
  underlying 
  old- 
  

   est 
  peat-bogs: 
  probably 
  a 
  considerable 
  

   proportion 
  of 
  our 
  so-called 
  " 
  postglacial 
  " 
  

   alluvia. 
  

  

  7. 
  Boulder-clays 
  and 
  terminal-mo- 
  

   raines 
  of 
  mountain-regions; 
  100-ft. 
  

   beach 
  of 
  Scotland; 
  arctic 
  plant-beds. 
  

  

  8. 
  Lower 
  buried 
  forest. 
  

  

  9. 
  Peat 
  overlying 
  "lower 
  buried 
  for- 
  

   est 
  " 
  ; 
  Carse-clays 
  and 
  raised 
  beaches 
  ; 
  

   valley-moraines 
  and 
  corrie-moraines. 
  

  

  10. 
  Upper 
  buried 
  forest. 
  

  

  11. 
  Peat 
  overlying 
  "upper 
  buried 
  for- 
  

   est"; 
  low-level 
  raised 
  beaches; 
  high- 
  

   level 
  valley-moraines 
  and 
  corrie-mo- 
  

   raines. 
  

  

  1. 
  Marine 
  deposits 
  with 
  pronounced 
  

   arctic 
  fauna. 
  

  

  2. 
  Temperate 
  flora 
  ; 
  Elephas 
  meri- 
  

   dionalis, 
  E. 
  antiquus. 
  Rhinoceros 
  etrus- 
  

   cus, 
  Hippopotamus, 
  &c. 
  

  

  3. 
  Ground-moraines, 
  &c. 
  of 
  most 
  ex- 
  

   tensive 
  ice-sheet. 
  

  

  4. 
  Northern 
  and 
  temperate 
  flora 
  and 
  

   fauna; 
  Elephas 
  primigenius 
  y 
  Rhinoceros 
  

   tichorhinus 
  ; 
  reindeer, 
  &c. 
  ; 
  hippopota- 
  

   mus, 
  Elephas 
  antiquus, 
  Rhinoceros 
  lepto- 
  

   rhinus, 
  Irish 
  deer, 
  grisly 
  bear, 
  lion, 
  hy- 
  

   aena, 
  &c 
  

  

  5. 
  Ground-moraine 
  of 
  ice-sheet 
  which 
  

   extended 
  south 
  to 
  the 
  Midlands 
  of 
  Eng- 
  

   land. 
  

  

  6. 
  Temperate 
  flora 
  and 
  fauna; 
  Irish 
  

   deer, 
  red 
  deer, 
  Bos 
  primigenius, 
  &c. 
  

  

  7. 
  Morainic 
  accumulations 
  of 
  district- 
  

   and 
  large 
  valley-glaciers; 
  arctic 
  marine 
  

   fauna; 
  snow-line 
  at 
  1.000 
  to 
  1,600 
  ft.; 
  

   arctic 
  flora. 
  

  

  8. 
  Temperate 
  flora 
  and 
  fauna. 
  

  

  9. 
  Small 
  glaciers 
  in 
  mountain-regions; 
  

   snow-line 
  at 
  2,400 
  to 
  2,500 
  ft. 
  

  

  10. 
  Temperate 
  flora 
  and 
  fauna. 
  

  

  1 
  1 
  . 
  Small 
  glaciers 
  in 
  the 
  most 
  ele- 
  

   vated 
  regions; 
  snow-line 
  at 
  3,500 
  ft. 
  

  

  Glacial 
  Succession 
  in 
  Northern 
  Europe. 
  

  

  1 
  . 
  Lowest 
  boulder-clay 
  of 
  Baltic 
  coast- 
  

   lands. 
  

  

  2. 
  Alluvia 
  underlying 
  lower 
  diluvium 
  

   of 
  Hanover, 
  Brandenburg, 
  &c. 
  

  

  3. 
  Lower 
  diluvium 
  of 
  Central 
  and 
  

   Southern 
  Germany, 
  Holland, 
  Central 
  

   Russia. 
  

  

  4. 
  Fresh-water 
  and 
  marine 
  deposits 
  of 
  

   Baltic 
  coast-lands, 
  Griinenthal, 
  Rixdorf, 
  

   Kottbus. 
  Moscow, 
  &c. 
  

  

  5. 
  Upper 
  diluvium 
  of 
  Central 
  Ger- 
  

   many, 
  Poland, 
  "West 
  Central 
  Russia 
  ; 
  

   second 
  boulder-clay 
  of 
  Baltic 
  coast-lands. 
  

  

  6. 
  Fresh-water 
  and 
  marine 
  deposits 
  of 
  

   Baltic 
  coast-lands. 
  

  

  7. 
  Youngest 
  boulder-clay 
  of 
  Baltic 
  

   coast-lands 
  ; 
  terminal 
  moraines 
  in 
  South 
  

   Norway 
  and 
  Sweden. 
  Baltic 
  Ridge, 
  and 
  

   Finland. 
  Arctic 
  plants 
  under 
  oldest 
  

   peat-bogs 
  of 
  Denmark. 
  Norway, 
  Sweden, 
  

   &c. 
  ; 
  Yoldia-clnx-i, 
  &c 
  

  

  1. 
  Ground-moraine 
  of 
  earliest 
  Baltic 
  

   glacier. 
  

  

  2. 
  Temperate 
  flora 
  and 
  fauna, 
  includ- 
  

   ing 
  Cervus 
  elaphus. 
  C. 
  capreolus, 
  Bos, 
  

   sp., 
  Rhinoceros, 
  sp 
  , 
  &c. 
  

  

  3. 
  Ground-moraines, 
  &c, 
  of 
  most 
  ex- 
  

   tensive 
  mer 
  cle 
  glace. 
  

  

  4. 
  Northern 
  and 
  temperate 
  floras 
  and 
  

   faunas; 
  mammoth, 
  Elephas 
  antiquus, 
  Irish 
  

   deer, 
  horse, 
  &c. 
  

  

  5. 
  Ground-moraines, 
  &c, 
  of 
  ice-sheet 
  

   which 
  flowed 
  some 
  40 
  or 
  50 
  miles 
  south 
  

   of 
  Berlin. 
  

  

  6. 
  Northern 
  and 
  temperate 
  floras 
  and 
  

   faunas. 
  

  

  7. 
  Accumulations 
  of 
  last 
  great 
  Baltic 
  

   glacier; 
  submergence 
  in 
  Scandinavia; 
  

   adjacent 
  lands 
  clothed 
  with 
  arctic 
  flora! 
  

  

  