﻿Newfoundland^ 
  Labrador 
  and 
  Southern 
  Greenland. 
  89 
  

  

  are 
  of 
  Laurentian 
  age, 
  consisting 
  of 
  granite 
  and 
  gneiss, 
  which 
  

   would 
  naturally 
  weather 
  into 
  sharp 
  peaks, 
  the 
  summits 
  present 
  

   everywhere 
  a 
  flowing 
  outline. 
  So 
  far 
  as 
  we 
  observed, 
  there 
  

   was 
  not 
  a 
  single 
  needle-shaped 
  peak 
  to 
  interrupt 
  the 
  monotony 
  

   of 
  the 
  scene. 
  At 
  St. 
  Charles 
  Harbor 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  Punch 
  Bowl 
  

   we 
  spent 
  several 
  days 
  in 
  wandering 
  over 
  the 
  hills 
  near 
  the 
  

   shore, 
  some 
  of 
  them 
  rising 
  to 
  an 
  elevation 
  of 
  nearly 
  1000 
  feet. 
  

   But 
  it 
  was 
  with 
  the 
  greatest 
  difficulty 
  that 
  any 
  glacial 
  scratches 
  

   were 
  found 
  upon 
  the 
  rocks, 
  while 
  the 
  absence 
  of 
  till 
  and 
  of 
  

   transported 
  bowlders 
  was 
  equally 
  remarkable. 
  Similar 
  absence 
  

   of 
  these 
  characteristic 
  glacial 
  signs 
  was 
  noted 
  by 
  Prof. 
  Carl 
  

   Kenaston, 
  who 
  accompanied 
  Mr. 
  Bryant 
  to 
  the 
  great 
  falls 
  on 
  

   Grand 
  River, 
  nearly 
  200 
  miles 
  inland. 
  Still 
  there 
  can 
  be 
  no 
  

   question 
  that 
  this 
  whole 
  region 
  was 
  enveloped 
  in 
  glacial 
  ice. 
  

   The 
  absence 
  of 
  till 
  probably 
  accounts 
  largely 
  for 
  the 
  absence 
  

   of 
  scratches 
  ; 
  for 
  in 
  that 
  inclement 
  climate 
  disintegration 
  of 
  

   granitic 
  rocks 
  proceeds 
  at 
  a 
  very 
  rapid 
  rate 
  ; 
  so 
  that 
  we 
  have 
  

   few 
  freshly 
  exposed 
  surfaces 
  that 
  have 
  not 
  suffered 
  consider- 
  

   able 
  disintegration. 
  At 
  Henley 
  Harbor, 
  which 
  opens 
  south- 
  

   ward 
  upon 
  the 
  Straits 
  of 
  Belle 
  Isle, 
  large 
  granite 
  bowlders 
  

   were 
  found 
  upon 
  the 
  Devil's 
  Dining 
  Table, 
  a 
  remnant 
  of 
  an 
  

   extensive 
  basaltic 
  eruption, 
  which 
  rises 
  250 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  sea- 
  

   level. 
  But 
  around 
  St. 
  Charles 
  Harbor 
  and 
  the 
  Punch 
  Bowl, 
  

   it 
  was 
  very 
  difficult 
  to 
  find 
  any 
  bowlders 
  at 
  all. 
  The 
  natural 
  

   explanation 
  would 
  seem 
  to 
  be 
  that 
  we 
  are 
  here 
  so 
  near 
  the 
  

   center 
  of 
  a 
  great 
  glacial 
  movement 
  that 
  all 
  the 
  sharp 
  peaks 
  

   were 
  worn 
  down, 
  and 
  the 
  material 
  carried 
  away 
  to 
  points 
  

   nearer 
  the 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  movement. 
  It 
  seems 
  altogether 
  

   likely 
  that 
  an 
  ice-front 
  stretched 
  along 
  near 
  the 
  border 
  of 
  the 
  

   continental 
  plateau 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  banks 
  of 
  Newfoundland. 
  But 
  

   glacial 
  conditions 
  were, 
  most 
  likely, 
  a 
  concomitant 
  of 
  the 
  

   elevation, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  confluent 
  glaciers 
  spread 
  out 
  there 
  upon 
  

   the 
  continent 
  as 
  they 
  did 
  in 
  the 
  interior 
  portions 
  of 
  America. 
  

   Passing 
  to 
  Southern 
  Greenland, 
  one 
  is 
  deeply 
  impressed 
  by 
  

   the 
  great 
  contrast 
  in 
  the 
  scenery, 
  though 
  the 
  geological 
  forma- 
  

   tions 
  are 
  essentially 
  the 
  same. 
  We 
  had 
  a 
  view 
  of 
  the 
  Green- 
  

   land 
  coast 
  from 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  Frederickshaab 
  to 
  the 
  vicinity 
  

   of 
  Holstenborg, 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  about 
  300 
  miles. 
  While 
  from 
  

   Sukkertoppen, 
  in 
  lat. 
  65° 
  25', 
  we 
  were 
  able 
  to 
  make 
  extensive 
  

   tours 
  into 
  the 
  interior 
  up 
  the 
  tioi 
  v 
  ds 
  and 
  along 
  the 
  channels 
  

   and 
  to 
  make 
  a 
  minute 
  study 
  of 
  a 
  considerable 
  section. 
  The 
  

   rocks 
  are 
  principally 
  gneiss, 
  with 
  occasional 
  veins 
  of 
  granite 
  

   and 
  trap. 
  But 
  instead 
  of 
  the 
  flowing 
  contour 
  characteristic 
  of 
  

   the 
  mountainous 
  border 
  of 
  Labrador, 
  the 
  scenery 
  of 
  this 
  part 
  

   of 
  Greenland 
  as 
  viewed 
  from 
  the 
  ocean 
  is 
  extremely 
  pictu- 
  

   resque 
  — 
  needle-like 
  peaks 
  of 
  Laurentian 
  rocks 
  running 
  up 
  at 
  

   frequent 
  intervals 
  to 
  heights 
  of 
  from 
  2000 
  to 
  4000 
  feet. 
  

  

  