﻿Newfoundland, 
  Labrador 
  and 
  Southern 
  Greenland. 
  93 
  

  

  third 
  descends 
  still 
  nearer, 
  while 
  a 
  fourth 
  comes 
  to 
  the 
  water's 
  

   edge 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  ice-front 
  of 
  the 
  main 
  glacier. 
  Still 
  farther 
  

   eastward, 
  and 
  higher 
  up 
  the 
  mountain, 
  a 
  glacier 
  is 
  moving 
  

   directly 
  against 
  the 
  general 
  ice 
  movement. 
  The 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  

   rocks 
  upon 
  the 
  south 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  liord 
  are 
  very 
  plainly 
  striated 
  

   in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  iiord 
  up 
  to 
  a 
  height 
  of 
  1000 
  

   feet 
  or 
  more 
  ; 
  while 
  the 
  present 
  local 
  glaciers 
  are 
  now 
  produc- 
  

   ing 
  scratches 
  in 
  numerous 
  places 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  those 
  pro- 
  

   duced 
  when 
  the 
  fiord 
  was 
  full 
  of 
  ice, 
  and 
  a 
  little 
  above 
  the 
  

   head 
  of 
  the 
  fiord 
  the 
  scratches 
  produced 
  are 
  directly 
  opposite 
  

   to 
  those 
  which 
  were 
  made 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  the 
  maximum 
  exten- 
  

   sion. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  very 
  little 
  till 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  anywhere 
  along 
  this 
  part 
  

   of 
  the 
  Greenland 
  coast, 
  and 
  when 
  one 
  considers 
  the 
  indications 
  

   of 
  the 
  former 
  extension 
  of 
  the 
  ice 
  down 
  the 
  fiords 
  he 
  is 
  sur- 
  

   prised 
  at 
  the 
  small 
  number 
  of 
  bowlders 
  upon 
  the 
  surface. 
  It 
  

   is 
  probable, 
  however, 
  that 
  the 
  bowlders 
  have 
  been 
  largely 
  

   dumped 
  into 
  the 
  fiords. 
  The 
  moraine 
  upon 
  the 
  main 
  glacier, 
  

   though 
  very 
  large, 
  could 
  easily 
  disappear 
  in 
  the 
  great 
  depths 
  

   of 
  Ikamiut 
  fiord 
  after 
  the 
  ice 
  had 
  melted 
  away. 
  In 
  the 
  

   vicinity 
  of 
  Sukkertoppen 
  there 
  were 
  a 
  few 
  bowlders 
  of 
  light 
  

   colored 
  granite 
  so 
  different 
  from 
  the 
  gneiss 
  of 
  the 
  vicinity 
  as 
  

   to 
  furnish 
  indubitable 
  evidence 
  of 
  transportation 
  by 
  ice 
  from 
  

   a 
  considerable 
  distance 
  in 
  the 
  interior. 
  

  

  I 
  could 
  find 
  no 
  indications 
  of 
  high 
  terraces 
  along 
  this 
  part 
  

   of 
  the 
  Greenland 
  coast. 
  In 
  a 
  few 
  protected 
  places, 
  however 
  

   (at 
  Sukkertoppen 
  and 
  Ikamiut 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  locality 
  already 
  

   referred 
  to 
  on 
  the 
  Isortok 
  fiord), 
  there 
  was 
  an 
  arrangement 
  of 
  

   large 
  numbers 
  of 
  rather 
  small 
  subangular 
  bowlders 
  which 
  indi- 
  

   cated 
  a 
  limited 
  amount 
  of 
  water 
  action 
  up 
  to 
  a 
  height 
  of 
  200 
  

   or 
  300 
  feet. 
  At 
  Ikamiut 
  shells 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  abundance 
  in 
  a 
  

   terrace 
  about 
  50 
  feet 
  above 
  tide-level. 
  I 
  saw 
  no 
  evidences 
  of 
  

   " 
  englacial 
  " 
  till. 
  The 
  perpendicular 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  glacier 
  seemed 
  

   to 
  be 
  pure 
  ice. 
  

  

  The 
  most 
  important 
  inferences 
  to 
  be 
  drawn 
  from 
  the 
  fore- 
  

   going 
  facts 
  are 
  : 
  

  

  1st. 
  That 
  the 
  ice-sheet 
  of 
  Southern 
  Greenland 
  formerly 
  sent 
  

   glaciers 
  down 
  through 
  all 
  the 
  fiords, 
  filling 
  them 
  to 
  a 
  height 
  of 
  

   about 
  2000 
  feet, 
  and 
  pushing 
  even 
  to 
  the 
  very 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  

   continent. 
  Greenland, 
  therefore, 
  dike 
  the 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  world 
  

   has 
  had 
  its 
  ice 
  age 
  which 
  has 
  already 
  partially 
  passed 
  away. 
  

  

  2d. 
  During 
  the 
  maximum 
  of 
  the 
  ice 
  extension 
  the 
  mountains 
  

   bordering 
  the 
  sea 
  in 
  Southern 
  Greenland 
  formed 
  innumerable 
  

   nunataks. 
  The 
  ice 
  was 
  not 
  thick 
  enough 
  to 
  cover 
  them 
  in 
  

   solid 
  mass, 
  and 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  probability 
  that 
  the 
  ice 
  extended 
  

   far 
  out 
  into 
  Davis 
  Straits. 
  

  

  