﻿J. 
  G. 
  Spenzer 
  — 
  ^-Bromvalerianic 
  Acid. 
  

  

  Ill 
  

  

  0*233 
  o-. 
  of 
  the 
  substance 
  dried 
  in 
  a 
  vacuum 
  save 
  0-2410 
  As: 
  Br. 
  

  

  Calculated 
  for 
  C 
  5 
  H 
  9 
  Br0 
  2 
  . 
  

   44*20$ 
  Br. 
  

  

  Found. 
  

   44-20$ 
  Br. 
  

  

  /3-brom 
  valerianic 
  acid 
  melts 
  at 
  59° 
  to 
  60° 
  C, 
  the 
  melting 
  

   point 
  not 
  altering 
  in 
  the 
  least 
  by 
  repeated 
  determinations 
  on 
  

   the 
  same 
  sample. 
  It 
  dissolves 
  readily 
  in 
  ether, 
  chloroform, 
  

   carbon 
  disnlphide, 
  less 
  easily 
  in 
  benzene 
  and 
  petroleum 
  ether, 
  

   and 
  is 
  almost 
  insoluble 
  in 
  water 
  of 
  0° 
  C. 
  If 
  the 
  cold, 
  saturated 
  

   solution 
  of 
  the 
  monobromide 
  in 
  petroleum 
  ether 
  be 
  allowed 
  to 
  

   evaporate 
  spontaneously 
  it 
  crystallizes 
  out 
  in 
  beautiful, 
  color- 
  

   less, 
  8-sided 
  prisms. 
  

  

  The 
  crystals 
  set 
  up 
  after 
  Kallmann's 
  System 
  give 
  the 
  follow- 
  

   ing 
  crystallographic 
  measurements 
  : 
  

  

  /?-Bromvalerianic 
  acid. 
  

   Crystal 
  system 
  : 
  Monosymmetric. 
  

  

  & 
  : 
  ~b 
  : 
  c'= 
  1-4688 
  : 
  1 
  : 
  0*4900 
  

   /?= 
  79° 
  58' 
  45" 
  

   Observed 
  forms: 
  m 
  =. 
  |110jooP, 
  a 
  =■ 
  { 
  100 
  ^ 
  ooPoo, 
  

  

  + 
  Poo 
  

  

  ooPoo, 
  r= 
  {011}Poo, 
  d=z 
  

  

  101 
  

  

  e— 
  101 
  

  

  b 
  = 
  4 
  

  

  -P^o 
  

  

  010 
  

  

  The 
  crystals 
  are 
  mostly 
  2 
  to 
  5 
  mm 
  long 
  by 
  1 
  to 
  

   2 
  mm 
  wide 
  and 
  possess 
  a 
  valerianic 
  acid 
  like 
  odor. 
  

  

  Some 
  crystals 
  are 
  without 
  { 
  101 
  \ 
  + 
  Poo, 
  as 
  also 
  

   j 
  100 
  \ 
  qo 
  Poo 
  , 
  while 
  { 
  101 
  \ 
  — 
  Poo 
  was 
  only 
  observed 
  

   once. 
  

  

  The 
  faces 
  were 
  almost 
  always 
  smooth 
  and 
  pol- 
  

   ished 
  giving 
  excellent 
  reflections. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  angles 
  were 
  measured 
  and 
  calcu- 
  

   lated 
  : 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  Measured. 
  

  

  Calculated. 
  

  

  r 
  

  

  : 
  r 
  = 
  

  

  = 
  (on) 
  

  

  (Oil) 
  = 
  

  

  = 
  *51° 
  

  

  31' 
  

  

  

  a 
  

  

  m 
  

  

  (100) 
  

  

  (110) 
  

  

  *55 
  

  

  21 
  30" 
  

  

  

  r 
  

  

  m 
  

  

  (011) 
  

  

  (100) 
  

  

  *99 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  

  m 
  

  

  : 
  m 
  

  

  (110) 
  

  

  (Ho) 
  

  

  110 
  

  

  43 
  

  

  110° 
  41' 
  

  

  m 
  

  

  : 
  b 
  

  

  (110) 
  

  

  (oio) 
  

  

  (010) 
  

  

  34 
  

  

  47 
  

  

  34 
  39 
  30* 
  

  

  r 
  

  

  b 
  

  

  (011) 
  

  

  64 
  

  

  6 
  

  

  64 
  14 
  30 
  

  

  a 
  

  

  b 
  

  

  (100) 
  

  

  (010) 
  

  

  89 
  

  

  58 
  

  

  90 
  

  

  a 
  

  

  d 
  

  

  (100) 
  

  

  (101) 
  

  

  99 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  99 
  12 
  

  

  r 
  

  

  m 
  

  

  (Oil) 
  

  

  (110) 
  

  

  74 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  74 
  26 
  

  

  a 
  

  

  e 
  

  

  (100) 
  

  

  (101) 
  

  

  61 
  

  

  59 
  

  

  62 
  44 
  

  

  r 
  : 
  

  

  d 
  

  

  (101) 
  

  

  (101) 
  

  

  36 
  

  

  33 
  

  

  36 
  29 
  

  

  r 
  : 
  

  

  m 
  

  

  (Oil) 
  

  

  (110) 
  

  

  63 
  

  

  33 
  

  

  63 
  28 
  

  

  r 
  : 
  

  

  d 
  

  

  (Oil) 
  

  

  (101) 
  

  

  31 
  

  

  8 
  

  

  31 
  45 
  

  

  d: 
  

  

  m 
  

  

  (loi) 
  

  

  (loo) 
  

  

  80 
  

  

  11 
  

  

  80 
  48 
  

  

  The 
  plane 
  of 
  the 
  optical 
  axes 
  stands 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  the 
  

   clinopinacoid 
  and 
  is 
  only 
  slightly 
  inclined 
  towards 
  the 
  ortho- 
  

   pinacoid. 
  

  

  A 
  cleavage 
  could 
  not, 
  be 
  found. 
  Obtuse 
  bisectrix 
  =Taxis. 
  

  

  