﻿Upper 
  Ohio 
  and 
  Beaver 
  Rivers. 
  115 
  

  

  flows 
  in 
  a 
  modern 
  channel 
  for 
  about 
  two 
  miles. 
  From 
  records 
  

   it 
  is 
  known 
  that 
  the 
  buried 
  channel 
  passes 
  to 
  the 
  westward 
  of 
  

   the 
  present 
  stream 
  in 
  a 
  long 
  curve 
  and 
  is 
  crossed 
  by 
  the 
  present 
  

   river, 
  nearly 
  at 
  right 
  angles, 
  about 
  one 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  miles 
  below, 
  

   thence 
  the 
  buried 
  channel, 
  now 
  passing 
  beneath 
  New 
  Brighton, 
  

   makes 
  a 
  sweep 
  to 
  the 
  right 
  and 
  the 
  present 
  channel 
  pass'esinto 
  

   it 
  a 
  half 
  mile 
  further 
  on. 
  

  

  The 
  modern 
  channel, 
  from 
  where 
  it 
  leaves 
  the 
  old 
  one, 
  at 
  

   the 
  upper 
  end 
  of 
  Beaver 
  Falls, 
  flows 
  in 
  a 
  shallow 
  trough, 
  cut 
  

   in 
  a 
  rock 
  bench 
  left 
  in 
  the 
  original 
  cutting 
  of 
  the 
  inner 
  gorge, 
  

   and 
  this 
  modern 
  channel 
  represents 
  the 
  post-terrace 
  work 
  of 
  

   the 
  Beaver. 
  This 
  stretch 
  of 
  the 
  Beaver 
  presents, 
  in 
  many 
  

   respects, 
  the 
  best 
  place 
  to 
  study 
  the 
  inner 
  rock 
  benches, 
  for 
  a 
  

   rock 
  escarpment 
  is 
  present 
  for 
  much 
  of 
  the 
  distance. 
  On 
  the 
  

   New 
  Brighton 
  side, 
  from 
  the 
  point 
  where 
  the 
  uew 
  channel 
  

   enters 
  the 
  buried 
  one, 
  rock 
  is 
  seen 
  in 
  a 
  low 
  shelf 
  extending 
  

   under 
  the 
  inner 
  alluvium 
  and 
  reaching 
  to 
  the 
  point 
  where 
  the 
  

   old 
  channel 
  is 
  crossed 
  by 
  the 
  modern 
  one. 
  Above 
  this 
  point 
  

   the 
  river 
  runs 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  hill 
  bounding 
  the 
  valley 
  on 
  the 
  east, 
  

   until 
  Eastdale 
  is 
  reached, 
  at 
  the 
  upper 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  modern 
  

   channel, 
  where 
  quite 
  a 
  large 
  shelf 
  is 
  seen, 
  extending 
  under 
  the 
  

   whole 
  of 
  the 
  inner 
  terrace 
  at 
  that 
  point. 
  On 
  the 
  western 
  side 
  

   of 
  the 
  stream, 
  passing 
  upwards, 
  we 
  tind 
  a 
  rock 
  bench, 
  corre- 
  

   sponding 
  to 
  the 
  one 
  at 
  New 
  Brighton. 
  It 
  occupies 
  the 
  triangle 
  

   lyiug 
  between 
  the 
  present 
  stream, 
  Walnut 
  Bottom 
  Run, 
  and 
  

   the 
  western 
  bounding 
  hill, 
  having 
  a 
  frontage 
  of 
  about 
  one- 
  

   fourth 
  mile 
  on 
  the 
  Beaver 
  and 
  one-half 
  mile 
  on 
  the 
  Walnut 
  

   Bottom 
  Bun 
  side. 
  About 
  one-half 
  mile 
  above 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  

   Walnut 
  Bottom 
  Bun 
  rock 
  is 
  again 
  seen 
  in 
  place, 
  extending 
  

   continuously 
  to 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  junction 
  with 
  the 
  buried 
  channel. 
  

   This 
  shelf 
  is 
  nowhere 
  seen 
  on 
  the 
  Walnut 
  Bottom 
  Run 
  side, 
  

   but 
  is 
  well 
  defined 
  by 
  wells, 
  and 
  is 
  known 
  to 
  extend 
  about 
  one 
  

   mile 
  in 
  a 
  southwesterly 
  direction, 
  being 
  but 
  a 
  few 
  feet 
  below 
  

   the 
  surface 
  until 
  Twelfth 
  Street 
  is 
  reached, 
  from 
  which 
  point 
  it 
  

   falls 
  rapidly, 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  proximity 
  of 
  the 
  buried 
  channel. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  narrow 
  gorge 
  which 
  extends 
  from 
  Beaver 
  Falls 
  to 
  

   Wampum, 
  it 
  was 
  not 
  expected 
  that 
  any 
  fragments 
  of 
  inner 
  

   rock 
  benches 
  could 
  be 
  found, 
  but 
  an 
  examination 
  of 
  the 
  gravel 
  

   deposit 
  at 
  Clark's 
  Run 
  (Homewood) 
  shows 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  resting 
  on 
  

   a 
  rock 
  bench. 
  In 
  changing 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  P. 
  & 
  L. 
  E. 
  R. 
  R. 
  

   it 
  was 
  thrown 
  into 
  the 
  hill, 
  and 
  the 
  necessary 
  cutting 
  disclosed 
  

   a 
  bench 
  consisting 
  of 
  the 
  soft 
  shales 
  underlying 
  the 
  Homewood 
  

   sandstone. 
  

  

  Passing 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  narrow 
  gorge 
  at 
  Wampum, 
  we 
  have 
  

   passed 
  into 
  the 
  glaciated 
  region, 
  and 
  the 
  inner 
  benches 
  are 
  

   somewhat 
  harder 
  to 
  trace. 
  The 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  inner 
  gorge 
  

   also 
  changes, 
  becoming 
  wider 
  than 
  at 
  any 
  point 
  below. 
  This 
  

  

  